Elghozi J L, Japundzic N, Grichois M L, Zitoun P
Laboratoire de pharmacologie, faculté de médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1990 Jul;83(8):1065-8.
The phenomenon of rhythmic fluctuations in cardiovascular variables such as heart rate (HR) or arterial blood pressure (BP) has attracted the attention of workers in both pure and applied research. In recent years, the possibility of quantifying these oscillations by using power spectral analysis has aroused a growing interest. We investigated the fluctuations which underly the spontaneous variability of BP and HR in conscious rats. Intrafemoral pulsatile BP was computed to generate evenly spaced signals (systolic, diastolic, mean BP, HR) at 200 ms intervals. This equidistant sampling allowed a direct spectral analysis using a Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and HR exhibited low frequency oscillations (Mayer waves, 20-605 mHz) and a high frequency oscillation related to respiration (1,855 mHz). The respiratory fluctuations in HR were almost abolished by vagal blockade (atropine). HR fluctuations in the low frequency regime were diminished by vagal blockade or cardiac sympathetic blockade (atenolol). The respiratory frequency fluctuations in SBP were markedly increased by alpha sympathetic blockade (prazosin). On the contrary the low frequency oscillations in SBP were reduced by alpha sympathetic blockade. These data indicate that in conscious rats: 1) the HR oscillation with respiration is vagally mediated, 2) the HR fluctuation in the low frequency regime is jointly mediated by beta sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, 3) the respiratory oscillation in SBP depends on fluctuations in cardiac output and is normally counteracted by the sympathetic tone, 4) the low frequency oscillations in SBP reflect the sympathetic activity to the resistance vessels.
心血管变量（如心率（HR）或动脉血压（BP））的节律性波动现象已经引起了纯理论研究和应用研究领域工作者的关注。近年来，通过功率谱分析对这些振荡进行量化的可能性引发了越来越多的兴趣。我们研究了清醒大鼠血压和心率自发变异性背后的波动情况。通过计算股内搏动性血压，以200毫秒的间隔生成等间距信号（收缩压、舒张压、平均血压、心率）。这种等距采样允许使用快速傅里叶变换算法进行直接频谱分析。收缩压（SBP）和心率表现出低频振荡（迈尔波，20 - 605毫赫兹）以及与呼吸相关的高频振荡（1855毫赫兹）。迷走神经阻滞（阿托品）几乎消除了心率的呼吸波动。低频段的心率波动通过迷走神经阻滞或心脏交感神经阻滞（阿替洛尔）而减弱。α交感神经阻滞（哌唑嗪）使收缩压的呼吸频率波动显著增加。相反，α交感神经阻滞降低了收缩压的低频振荡。这些数据表明，在清醒大鼠中：1）与呼吸相关的心率振荡由迷走神经介导；2）低频段的心率波动由β交感神经和副交感神经活动共同介导；3）收缩压的呼吸振荡取决于心输出量的波动，且通常被交感神经张力抵消；4）收缩压的低频振荡反映了对阻力血管的交感神经活动。
