Rentsch D, Frommer W B
Institut für Genbiologische Forschung, Ihnestr. 63, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
J Exp Bot. 1996 Aug;47 Spec No:1199-204. doi: 10.1093/jxb/47.Special_Issue.1199.
The combination of two sets of molecular tools, namely yeast expression cloning and the possibility of constructing transgenic plants, has allowed analysis of the transport processes occurring at the plasma membrane in higher plants. To date, more than 30 different plant genes for plasma membrane transporters of sugars and amino acids have been identified, mainly by expression cloning. Furthermore, the functional expression of genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus oocytes has been applied to obtain detailed information on the biochemical properties of the transporters. The expression systems have also allowed the purification of the proteins for structural analysis and to study structure-function relationship using mutagenesis approaches. A number of mutants and transgenic plants defective in certain transport properties are available and these will help in understanding the physiology of the long-distance transport of assimilates.
两组分子工具，即酵母表达克隆和构建转基因植物的可能性，相结合使得对高等植物质膜上发生的转运过程进行分析成为可能。迄今为止，主要通过表达克隆已鉴定出30多种不同的负责糖类和氨基酸质膜转运的植物基因。此外，裂殖酵母、酿酒酵母和非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中的基因功能表达已被用于获取转运蛋白生化特性的详细信息。这些表达系统还使得能够纯化蛋白质以进行结构分析，并使用诱变方法研究结构-功能关系。有许多在某些转运特性方面存在缺陷的突变体和转基因植物，这些将有助于理解同化物长距离运输的生理学。
