Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
J Sep Sci. 2011 Jan;34(2):233-40. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201000716. Epub 2010 Dec 20.
Essential fatty acids were extracted from Echium amoenum (Boraginaceae) seed oil via supercritical carbon dioxide and the results were compared with conventional Soxhlet method as the base case of 100% recovery. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the effective extraction parameters. The chemical composition of recovered oil was analyzed by polar and non-polar gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector columns. The experimental results indicated that echium seed contained 25 wt% oil and the maximum extraction oil recovery of 92% was obtained via supercritical CO(2) at optimal operating conditions (43°C, 280 bar, 1.5 mL/min, 25 min static time and 130 min dynamic time). At similar operating conditions, applying 2.5 and 5 mol% ethanol as a modifier enhanced the recovery to 96 and 112%, respectively. The results showed that supercritical fluid extraction is a viable technique for separation of constituents such as γ-linolenic acid (7-8%), palmitic acid (6-7%), stearic acid (3-4%), oleic acid (12-13%), linoleic acid (19-20%), α-linolenic acid (40-41%) and stearidonic acid (8-9%) from Boraginaceae.
必需脂肪酸是从琉璃苣（紫草科）种子油中通过超临界二氧化碳提取的，将结果与常规索氏提取法（100%回收）进行了比较。响应面法被用于优化有效提取参数。通过极性和非极性气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器柱对回收油的化学成分进行了分析。实验结果表明，琉璃苣种子含有 25wt%的油，在最佳操作条件（43°C、280 巴、1.5 mL/min、25 min 静态时间和 130 min 动态时间）下，通过超临界 CO2 可获得 92%的最大提油回收率。在类似的操作条件下，分别以 2.5 和 5mol%乙醇作为改性剂，可将回收率提高到 96%和 112%。结果表明，超临界流体萃取是分离γ-亚麻酸（7-8%）、棕榈酸（6-7%）、硬脂酸（3-4%）、油酸（12-13%）、亚油酸（19-20%）、α-亚麻酸（40-41%）和硬脂烯酸（8-9%）等成分的可行技术。
