Faulde Michael K, Ahmed Ammar A
Department of Medical Entomology/Zoology, Central Institute of the Bun-deswehr Medical Service, PO Box 7340, 56065 Koblenz', Germany.
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2010 Aug;40(2):281-94.
The Horn of Africa represents a region formerly known to be highly susceptible to mosquito-borne infectious diseases. In order to monitor and analyze the current presence and threat of vector mosquitoes, continuous and standardized trapping using CDC light traps without an additional CO2-generator has been carried out at six selected monitoring sites located in Djibouti City, from August 2008 until December 2009. An overall of 620 haematophageous Diptera were trapped, 603 (97.3%) were mosquitoes, 10 (1.6%) were sand flies, and 7 (1.1%) were biting midges, respectively. Genus distribution of mosquitoes revealed that 600 (99.5%) were Culex spp., 2 (0.3%) were Anopheles sergentii, and 1 (0.2%) was Aedes aegypti. Culex species were represented by Cx. quinquefasciatus (78.5%), and Cx. pipiens ssp. torridus (21.5%). The later species was first detected focally in early December 2009 showing a strongly increasing population density resulting in a maximum trap rate of 25 mosquitoes per trap night. Sand flies were all Sergentomyia antennata, and biting midges of the genus Culicoides were represented by C. nubeculosus (71.4%) and C. vexans (28.6 %). The findings included the first records for Cx. pipiens ssp. torridus and An. sergentii in Djibouti. However, none of the captured female Culex spp, the known vector for West Nile Virus, showed positive results for viral nucleic acids using WNV RT-real time PCR system. Also, females An. sergentii were Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax circumsporozoite protein negative.
非洲之角是一个以前被认为极易感染蚊媒传染病的地区。为了监测和分析病媒蚊子的当前存在情况及威胁，2008年8月至2009年12月期间，在吉布提市的六个选定监测点使用无额外二氧化碳发生器的疾控中心诱蚊灯进行了连续且标准化的诱捕。总共捕获了620只吸血双翅目昆虫，其中603只（97.3%）是蚊子，10只（1.6%）是白蛉，7只（1.1%）是蠓。蚊子的属分布显示，600只（99.5%）是库蚊属，2只（0.3%）是塞内加尔按蚊，1只（0.2%）是埃及伊蚊。库蚊种类包括致倦库蚊（78.5%）和淡色库蚊指名亚种（21.5%）。后一种在2009年12月初首次在局部地区被发现，其种群密度急剧增加，导致每个诱捕夜的最高诱捕率达到25只蚊子。白蛉均为触角赛氏白蛉，蠓属的蠓包括云雾蠓（71.4%）和骚扰蠓（28.6%）。这些发现包括淡色库蚊指名亚种和塞内加尔按蚊在吉布提的首次记录。然而，使用西尼罗河病毒逆转录实时聚合酶链反应系统检测，所有捕获到的已知西尼罗河病毒病媒库蚊属雌蚊的病毒核酸检测结果均为阴性。此外，塞内加尔按蚊雌蚊的恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫环子孢子蛋白检测结果也为阴性。
