Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, Texas 78712-0259, USA.
Nature. 2011 Jan 20;469(7330):377-80. doi: 10.1038/nature09695.
Supermassive black holes have been detected in all galaxies that contain bulge components when the galaxies observed were close enough that the searches were feasible. Together with the observation that bigger black holes live in bigger bulges, this has led to the belief that black-hole growth and bulge formation regulate each other. That is, black holes and bulges coevolve. Therefore, reports of a similar correlation between black holes and the dark matter haloes in which visible galaxies are embedded have profound implications. Dark matter is likely to be non-baryonic, so these reports suggest that unknown, exotic physics controls black-hole growth. Here we show, in part on the basis of recent measurements of bulgeless galaxies, that there is almost no correlation between dark matter and parameters that measure black holes unless the galaxy also contains a bulge. We conclude that black holes do not correlate directly with dark matter. They do not correlate with galaxy disks, either. Therefore, black holes coevolve only with bulges. This simplifies the puzzle of their coevolution by focusing attention on purely baryonic processes in the galaxy mergers that make bulges.
超大质量黑洞已在所有包含凸起部分的星系中被探测到，当观测到的星系足够近时，搜索是可行的。加上观察到大的黑洞存在于更大的凸起中，这导致了黑洞生长和凸起形成相互调节的信念。也就是说，黑洞和凸起共同演化。因此，黑洞和可见星系嵌入的暗物质晕之间存在类似相关性的报告具有深远的意义。暗物质可能是非重子的，因此这些报告表明，未知的、奇异的物理控制着黑洞的生长。在这里，我们部分基于最近对无凸起星系的测量结果表明，除非星系还包含凸起，否则暗物质与测量黑洞的参数之间几乎没有相关性。我们的结论是，黑洞与暗物质没有直接相关。它们也与星系盘没有相关性。因此，黑洞仅与凸起共同演化。通过将注意力集中在形成凸起的星系合并中的纯重子过程上，这简化了它们共同演化的难题。
