Wang Li-Qun, Yu Qi-Lin, Huang Ming-Yuan
College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2010 Nov;31(11):2763-7.
In order to explicit the existence and nitrogen transformation activity of ammonia-oxidizing molds during aerobic chicken manure composting, the medium of ammonia-oxidizing molds was used to screen them, and correlation analysis between mycelium biomass and nitrogen transformation indexes was conducted, then high-effective ammonia-oxidizing strains were determined and added into aerobic compost. The results show that all tested strains are able to oxidize ammonium nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, indicating that there are plenty of ammonia-oxidizing molds during aerobic chicken manure composting. Significantly positive correlations are detected between total contents of nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, mycelium biomass and mycelium Kjeldahl nitrogen. When cultured in the medium of ammonia-oxidizing molds for 144 hours, two high-effective ammonia-oxidizing strains, named M25-22 (Penicillium sp.) and M40-4 (Aspergillus sp.), produce nitrate nitrogen by 1.1 x 10(-3) mg x mL(-1), 1.5 x 10(-3) mg x mL(-1), respectively, and decrease ammonium nitrogen by approximately 0.3 mg x mL(-1). Compared with the control treatment, the composting treatment with microbial agent M25-22 or M40-4 has lower ammonium nitrogen content, and higher contents of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen, indicating that they are of practical significance in reducing nitrogen loss during aerobic composting.
为明确好氧鸡粪堆肥过程中氨氧化霉菌的存在及其氮转化活性，采用氨氧化霉菌培养基对其进行筛选，并对菌丝生物量与氮转化指标进行相关性分析，进而确定高效氨氧化菌株并添加到好氧堆肥中。结果表明，所有供试菌株均能将铵态氮氧化为亚硝态氮和硝态氮，说明好氧鸡粪堆肥过程中存在大量氨氧化霉菌。亚硝态氮和硝态氮总量、菌丝生物量与菌丝凯氏氮之间均检测到显著正相关。在氨氧化霉菌培养基中培养144小时后，两株高效氨氧化菌株，分别命名为M25 - 22（青霉属）和M40 - 4（曲霉属），产生的硝态氮分别为1.1×10(-3) mg·mL(-1)、1.5×10(-3) mg·mL(-1)，铵态氮减少约0.3 mg·mL(-1)。与对照处理相比，添加微生物菌剂M25 - 22或M40 - 4的堆肥处理铵态氮含量较低，硝态氮和全氮含量较高，表明它们在减少好氧堆肥过程中氮损失方面具有实际意义。
