Palacios-Sánchez Sonia Eugenia, Vega-Cendejas María Eugenia
Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Peces, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida, km 6 antigua carretera a Progreso, AP 73 Cordemex. 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Rev Biol Trop. 2010 Dec;58(4):1223-35.
The coexistence of ecologically similar species may occur because of resources distribution, such as prey and habitat type and segregation time, that minimizes the interspecific competition. The changes brought about by Hurricane Isidore in the distribution of food resources by three coexisting fish species of the family Tetraodontidae (Sphoeroides nephelus, S. spengleri and S testudineus), were analyzed at the Carbonera Inlet. Sphoeroides spp. based their food on benthic organisms; principally, they consume mussels (Brachidontes sp.), barnacles (Balanus sp.) and gastropods (Crepidula sp). Before hurricane impact, the three species share the available food resources in different proportions (bivalves, gastropods, barnacles and decapods), according to different strategies that enabled them to coexist and reduce interspecific competition. After the impact, the abundance of available prey decreased and the interespecific competition for food increased, leading to S. testudines and S. nephelus change their trophic spectrum (xiphosurans, amphipods, isopods and detritus) and displacing S. splengleri of the inlet. The distribution of food resources was conditioned by the abundance and diversity of prey, as well as the adaptive response of each species.
生态上相似的物种可能由于资源分布（如猎物、栖息地类型和隔离时间）而共存，这种资源分布能使种间竞争最小化。在卡尔沃内拉河口分析了伊西多尔飓风对四齿鲀科三种共存鱼类（黑点鲀、斯氏鲀和龟鲀）食物资源分布带来的变化。黑点鲀属以底栖生物为食；主要食用贻贝（Brachidontes属）、藤壶（Balanus属）和腹足类动物（Crepidula属）。在飓风影响之前，这三种鱼类根据不同策略以不同比例共享可用食物资源（双壳类、腹足类、藤壶和十足目动物），这些策略使它们能够共存并减少种间竞争。飓风影响之后，可用猎物的丰度下降，种间食物竞争加剧，导致龟鲀和黑点鲀改变其食物谱（剑尾类、端足类、等足类和碎屑），并将斯氏鲀赶出河口。食物资源的分布取决于猎物的丰度和多样性，以及每个物种的适应性反应。
