Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
ISA Trans. 2011 Apr;50(2):195-200. doi: 10.1016/j.isatra.2010.12.006. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
Voltage stability is one of the most challenging concerns that power utilities are confronted with, and this paper proposes a voltage control scheme based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) to overcome this kind of instability. Voltage instability has a close relation with the adequacy of reactive power and the response of Under Load Tap Changers (ULTCs) to the voltage drop after the occurrence of a contingency. Therefore, the proposed method utilizes reactive power injection and tap changing to avoid voltage collapse. Considering discrete nature of the changes in the tap ratio and also in the reactive power injected by capacitor banks, the search area for the optimizer of MPC will be an integer area; consequently, a modified discrete multi-valued Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is considered to perform this optimization. Simulation results of applying the proposed control scheme to a 4-bus system confirm its capability to prevent voltage collapse.
电压稳定性是电力公司面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，本文提出了一种基于模型预测控制（MPC）的电压控制方案，以克服这种不稳定性。电压不稳定与无功功率的充足性以及故障后电压降时有载分接开关（ULTC）的响应密切相关。因此，所提出的方法利用无功功率注入和分接变换来避免电压崩溃。考虑到抽头比和电容器组注入的无功功率变化的离散性质，MPC 优化器的搜索区域将是一个整数区域；因此，考虑采用改进的离散多值粒子群优化（PSO）来执行此优化。将所提出的控制方案应用于 4 母线系统的仿真结果证实了其防止电压崩溃的能力。
