Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Magdeburg, Germany .
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Feb;12(3):451-61. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.549128.
actinic keratosis is a premalignant disease with a high incidence and is a strong predictor for the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Various treatment options have been established over recent years, including topical treatment with imiquimod, 5-fluorouracil, diclofenac or photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy and surgical procedures.
this review covers basic and clinical experiences with imiquimod 3.75% for topical treatment of actinic keratosis of the face and balding scalp and its comparators with special focus on imiquimod 5%. It also covers pharmacology of imiquimod 3.5% and its contribution to the current treatment options of actinic keratoses.
imiquimod 3.75% is an interesting, safe and well-tolerated treatment option for actinic keratoses of the face or balding scalp especially in respect of compliance, as it is indicated for daily use for a shorter time period (2 times, 2-week cycles) and approved for use on larger areas compared with imiquimod 5%. Data from current trials indicate lower efficacy compared with imiquimod 5% cream when applied three times a week for 16 weeks or for two 4-week cycles with a 4-week no-treatment interval, but indicate similar efficacy when compared with a twice-weekly schedule for 16 weeks. An additive effect was observed when combining cryosurgery followed by imiquimod 3.75%.
光化性角化病是一种发病率较高的癌前疾病，是鳞状细胞癌发展的强有力预测因子。近年来已经确立了各种治疗选择，包括咪喹莫特、5-氟尿嘧啶、双氯芬酸或光动力疗法、冷冻疗法和手术治疗的局部治疗。
本篇综述涵盖了咪喹莫特 3.75%用于面部和脱发头皮光化性角化病的局部治疗的基础和临床经验及其与 5%咪喹莫特的比较，特别关注 5%咪喹莫特。它还涵盖了咪喹莫特 3.5%的药理学及其对当前光化性角化病治疗选择的贡献。
咪喹莫特 3.75%是一种有趣、安全且耐受性良好的治疗选择，适用于面部或脱发头皮的光化性角化病，特别是在依从性方面，因为它被批准用于每天使用较短的时间（2 次，2 周周期），并且与 5%咪喹莫特相比，可用于更大的区域。与每周应用 3 次 16 周或每 4 周 2 次、4 周无治疗间隔的 4 周周期相比，与每周应用 2 次 16 周相比，咪喹莫特 3.75%的疗效较低。但与每周应用 2 次 16 周的方案相比，其疗效相似。当联合冷冻疗法和咪喹莫特 3.75%后，观察到了附加效应。
