McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network & University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Suite 406, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.
BMC Med Ethics. 2011 Jan 25;12:2. doi: 10.1186/1472-6939-12-2.
Scientists engaged in global health research are increasingly faced with barriers to access and use of human tissues from the developing world communities where much of their research is targeted. In part, the problem can be traced to distrust of researchers from affluent countries, given the history of 'scientific-imperialism' and 'biocolonialism' reflected in past well publicized cases of exploitation of research participants from low to middle income countries.
To a considerable extent, the failure to adequately engage host communities, the opacity of informed consent, and the lack of fair benefit-sharing have played a significant role in eroding trust. These ethical considerations are central to biomedical research in low to middle income countries and failure to attend to them can inadvertently contribute to exploitation and erode trust. A 'tissue trust' may be a plausible means for enabling access to human tissues for research in a manner that is responsive to the ethical challenges considered.
Preventing exploitation and restoring trust while simultaneously promoting global health research calls for innovative approaches to human tissues research. A tissue trust can reduce the risk of exploitation and promote host capacity as a key benefit.
从事全球健康研究的科学家越来越多地面临障碍，无法获取和使用发展中国家社区的人体组织，而他们的大部分研究都针对这些社区。部分原因是，鉴于过去有很多从中低收入国家研究参与者身上剥削的案例被广泛报道，富裕国家的研究人员存在“科学帝国主义”和“生物殖民主义”的历史，人们对他们缺乏信任。
在很大程度上，未能充分让东道主社区参与、知情同意不透明以及缺乏公平的利益分享，在一定程度上削弱了信任。这些伦理考虑因素是中低收入国家生物医学研究的核心，如果不加以关注，可能会无意中导致剥削和破坏信任。建立“组织信任”可能是一种合理的手段，可以在应对被认为具有伦理挑战的情况下，为研究获取人体组织提供便利。
防止剥削和恢复信任，同时促进全球健康研究，需要对人体组织研究采取创新方法。组织信任可以降低剥削的风险，并促进东道主的能力，这是一个关键的好处。
