Department of Pathology II, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2011 Mar;11(3):249-53. doi: 10.2174/187152011795347441.
Garlic and garlic-derived compounds reduce the development of mammary cancer in animals and suppress the growth of human breast cancer cells in culture. Oil-soluble compounds derived from garlic, such as diallyl disulfide (DADS), are more effective than water-soluble compounds in suppressing breast cancer. Mechanisms of action include the activation of metabolizing enzymes that detoxify carcinogens, the suppression of DNA adduct formation, the inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species, the regulation of cell-cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis. Selenium-enriched garlic or organoselenium compounds provide more potent protection against mammary carcinogenesis in rats and greater inhibition of breast cancer cells in culture than natural garlic or the respective organosulfur analogues. DADS synergizes the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid, a breast cancer suppressor, and antagonizes the effect of linoleic acid, a breast cancer enhancer. Moreover, garlic extract reduces the side effects caused by anti-cancer agents. Thus, garlic and garlic-derived compounds are promising candidates for breast cancer control.
大蒜和大蒜衍生化合物可减少动物乳腺癌的发展，并抑制培养的人乳腺癌细胞的生长。大蒜衍生的油溶性化合物，如二烯丙基二硫化物（DADS），比水溶性化合物在抑制乳腺癌方面更有效。作用机制包括激活解毒致癌物的代谢酶、抑制 DNA 加合物形成、抑制活性氧的产生、调节细胞周期停滞和诱导细胞凋亡。富硒大蒜或有机硒化合物比天然大蒜或相应的有机硫类似物对大鼠的乳腺癌发生提供更强的保护作用，并对培养的乳腺癌细胞有更大的抑制作用。DADS 与二十碳五烯酸（一种乳腺癌抑制剂）协同作用，并拮抗亚油酸（一种乳腺癌促进剂）的作用。此外，大蒜提取物可降低抗癌药物引起的副作用。因此，大蒜和大蒜衍生化合物是控制乳腺癌的有前途的候选物。
