Clift D, Marston A L
The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2011;133(2-4):234-42. doi: 10.1159/000323793. Epub 2011 Jan 28.
During meiosis, DNA replication is followed by 2 successive chromosome segregation events, resulting in the production of gametes with a haploid number of chromosomes from a diploid precursor cell. Faithful chromosome segregation in meiosis requires that sister chromatid cohesion is lost from chromosome arms during meiosis I, but retained at centromeric regions until meiosis II. Recent studies have begun to uncover the mechanisms underlying this stepwise loss of cohesion in meiosis and the role of a conserved protein, shugoshin, in regulating this process.
在减数分裂过程中，DNA复制之后是连续两次染色体分离事件，从而导致从二倍体前体细胞产生具有单倍体染色体数目的配子。减数分裂中染色体的准确分离要求在减数第一次分裂期间姐妹染色单体的黏连在染色体臂上消失，但在着丝粒区域保留到减数第二次分裂。最近的研究已开始揭示减数分裂中这种黏连逐步消失的潜在机制，以及一种保守蛋白守护蛋白在调控这一过程中的作用。
