Department of Clinical Oncology, Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK.
Lancet Oncol. 2011 Aug;12(8):806-14. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70208-4. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
Chemotherapy can induce various clinical emergencies. Prompt recognition and management of these adverse events are important for avoiding further morbidity and mortality. Some events such as hypersensitivity and extravasation are quite common, whereas emergencies such as neutropenic typhlitis, pancreatitis, and acute haemolysis are very rare. Little information exists on the management of rare chemotherapy-induced emergencies that affect fewer than 1% of patients. We review these uncommon chemotherapy-induced life-threatening emergencies, their pathogenesis and management, and recommendations for rechallenge with the offending chemotherapy.
化疗可引发各种临床急症。及时识别和处理这些不良事件对于避免进一步的发病率和死亡率至关重要。一些事件如过敏反应和外渗较为常见，而中性粒细胞减少性盲肠炎、胰腺炎和急性溶血等急症则非常罕见。对于影响不到 1%的患者的罕见化疗引起的紧急情况的处理方法，相关信息较少。我们回顾了这些不常见的化疗引起的危及生命的紧急情况，其发病机制和处理方法，以及对再次使用有问题的化疗药物的建议。
