Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo Spain.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Mar 15;187(1-3):291-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.011. Epub 2011 Jan 12.
The winery industry generates vast amounts of organic waste during the various stages of wine production. Among the possible methodological alternatives available for its treatment, vermicomposting is one of the best-known processes for the biological stabilization of solid organic wastes by transforming them into safer and more stabilized materials suitable for application to soil. In this study we carried out a mesocosm experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the active phase of vermicomposting for the stabilization of grape marc, an enriched lignocellulosic by-product obtained after the grape crushing and pressing stages in wine production. For this we analysed the chemical, biochemical and microbiological properties of the product resulting from this phase, in comparison with those in a control treatment. Earthworm activity reduced the abundance of both bacterial and fungal PLFA biomarkers. Decreases in microbial activity and in protease and cellulase activities were also attributed to the presence of earthworms. The differences in microbial communities were accompanied by a reduction in the labile C pool and the cellulose content. These results indicate that earthworms played a key role in the stabilization of the grape marc in the short-term, via its effects on organic matter decomposition and microbial biomass and activity.
在葡萄酒生产的各个阶段，酿酒业会产生大量的有机废物。在处理这些有机废物的各种方法中，蚯蚓堆肥是一种众所周知的方法，它通过将固体有机废物转化为更安全、更稳定的物质，适合应用于土壤，从而实现有机废物的生物稳定化。在本研究中，我们进行了一个中观实验，以评估蚯蚓堆肥的活跃阶段对葡萄渣稳定化的有效性，葡萄渣是葡萄酒酿造过程中葡萄压榨和压榨阶段后获得的富含木质纤维素的副产物。为此，我们分析了该阶段产生的产品的化学、生化和微生物特性，并与对照处理进行了比较。蚯蚓的活动减少了细菌和真菌 PLFA 生物标志物的丰度。微生物活性以及蛋白酶和纤维素酶活性的降低也归因于蚯蚓的存在。微生物群落的差异伴随着可利用 C 库和纤维素含量的减少。这些结果表明，蚯蚓通过对有机质分解、微生物生物量和活性的影响，在短期内对葡萄渣的稳定化起到了关键作用。
