Huidobro M Andrea, Prentice Andrew M, J C Fulford Anthony, Rozowski N Jaime
Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2010 Nov;138(11):1373-7. Epub 2011 Jan 27.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a high incidence disease. Easily measured predictor factors could help to implement preventive policies and early detection tests.
To measure recognizable risk factors for GDM such as skinfolds and analyze the association between these factors and the development of GDM in a cohort of pregnant women.
Evaluation of 76 mothers that developed gestational diabetes, aged 32.2 ± 0.6 years and 324 control mothers that did not develop the disease, aged 30.1 ± 0.3 years. Weight, height, arm circumference, tricipital, bicipital, subscapular, suprailiac, knee, costal and mid-thigh skinfolds were measured in the pre-diseased stage. History of diabetes, fasting glucose and insulin levels were also evaluated.
Age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), bi-cipital, tricipital, costal, subscapular, suprailiac, and knee skinfolds were associated with GDM development. Age, fasting blood glucose and subscapular skinfolds were independent predictors in the logistic regression model. The odds ratio for a subscapular skinfold over percentile 90 was 1.7 (95% confdence intervals: 1.07-3.04).
Age and fasting blood glucose are independent risk factors for GDM. Subscapular skinfold is also an independent risk factor and could be used to detect high risk pregnant women and implement preventive policies.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种高发病。易于测量的预测因素有助于实施预防政策和早期检测测试。
测量妊娠期糖尿病可识别的风险因素，如皮褶厚度，并分析这些因素与一组孕妇发生妊娠期糖尿病之间的关联。
对76例发生妊娠期糖尿病的母亲进行评估，年龄为32.2±0.6岁，以及324例未患该病的对照母亲，年龄为30.1±0.3岁。在疾病前期测量体重、身高、臂围、三头肌、二头肌、肩胛下、髂上、膝盖、肋部和大腿中部的皮褶厚度。还评估了糖尿病史、空腹血糖和胰岛素水平。
年龄、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA）、二头肌、三头肌、肋部、肩胛下、髂上和膝盖皮褶厚度与妊娠期糖尿病的发生有关。在逻辑回归模型中，年龄、空腹血糖和肩胛下皮褶厚度是独立的预测因素。肩胛下皮褶厚度超过第90百分位数的比值比为1.7（95%置信区间：1.07 - 3.04）。
年龄和空腹血糖是妊娠期糖尿病的独立危险因素。肩胛下皮褶厚度也是一个独立的危险因素，可用于检测高危孕妇并实施预防政策。
