Energy Balance Laboratory & Center for Physical Activity & Weight Management, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
Prev Med. 2011 Jun;52 Suppl 1:S36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.021. Epub 2011 Jan 31.
There is increasing evidence for the association between physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, fatness, and cognitive function during childhood and adolescence. Evidence also suggests that these variables are linked to academic achievement. Classroom-based physical activity provides a viable approach to improve fitness, body mass index (BMI), cognitive function, and ultimately academic achievement.
Studies examining the relation between physical activity, fitness, fatness, cognitive function, and academic achievement are described. The results of a large-scale, longitudinal, cluster randomized trial to examine the impact of classroom based physical activity on body mass index and academic achievement will be presented.
Overall, the data support the link between physical activity, cognitive function, and academic achievement. The role of physical activity in the classroom was also supported by the Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) project. Physically active academic lessons of moderate intensity improved overall performance on a standardized test of academic achievement by 6% compared to a decrease of 1% for controls (p<0.02). Body mass index increased less from baseline to 3 years in students with greater than 75 minutes of PAAC lessons per week (1.8 BMI) compared to students with less than 75 minutes of PAAC per week (2.4 BMI), p<0.00.
Future research examining the effects of physically active academic instruction is warranted. The impact of physically active academic lessons of greater intensity may provide larger benefits for body mass index and academic achievement.
越来越多的证据表明，儿童和青少年时期的身体活动、心血管健康、肥胖和认知功能之间存在关联。有证据表明，这些变量与学业成绩有关。基于课堂的身体活动为提高健康水平、体重指数（BMI）、认知功能，最终提高学业成绩提供了一种可行的方法。
描述了研究身体活动、健康、肥胖、认知功能和学业成绩之间关系的研究。将介绍一项大规模、纵向、集群随机试验的结果，该试验旨在研究基于课堂的身体活动对 BMI 和学业成绩的影响。
总体而言，数据支持身体活动、认知功能和学业成绩之间的联系。课堂身体活动的作用也得到了“课程中的身体活动”（PAAC）项目的支持。与对照组相比，中等强度的身体活跃学术课程使标准化学术成就测试的整体表现提高了 6%，而对照组则下降了 1%（p<0.02）。与每周接受 PAAC 课程少于 75 分钟的学生相比，每周接受 PAAC 课程超过 75 分钟的学生的 BMI 从基线到 3 年的增长幅度较小（1.8 BMI），每周接受 PAAC 课程少于 75 分钟的学生的 BMI 增长幅度较小（2.4 BMI），p<0.00。
未来需要研究身体活跃的学术教学的影响。更剧烈的身体活跃学术课程可能会对 BMI 和学业成绩产生更大的影响。
