Can Fam Physician. 1982 Nov;28:2009-12.
Hemodynamic monitoring gives early warning of changes in a critically ill patient's condition. Accuracy is essential; for example, a blood pressure cuff is inaccurate at low pressures. Hospitalized adults will usually have a higher central venous pressure, so a CVP less than 4 cm H(2)O may indicate hypovolemia. Correlation between CVP level and blood volume is very poor in critically ill patients, so measurement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure becomes essential. Measurement of cardiac output eliminates the need for arterial and mixed venous blood samples, and can be valuable in decision-making. Calculation of vascular resistance can also be very important in management of the critically ill. With today's facilities, routine clinical assessment is no longer adequate care for these patients.
血流动力学监测可对危重症患者病情变化发出早期预警。准确性至关重要；例如，血压袖带在低血压时不准确。住院成人通常会有更高的中心静脉压，因此中心静脉压（CVP）小于 4cmH2O 可能表明血容量不足。在危重症患者中，CVP 水平与血容量之间的相关性非常差，因此测量肺毛细血管楔压变得至关重要。心输出量的测量消除了对动脉和混合静脉血样的需求，在决策中非常有价值。血管阻力的计算在危重症患者的管理中也非常重要。有了当今的设备，常规临床评估不再足以满足这些患者的护理需求。
