Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1120 15th St. CA2094, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Pharmacol Res. 2011 Jun;63(6):477-82. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.01.012. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
Diabetes is not only an endocrine but also a vascular disease. Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes. Diabetes affects both large and small vessels and hence diabetic complications are broadly classified as microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease) complications. Endothelial dysfunction, defined as an imbalance of endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor and vasodilator substances, is a common denominator in the pathogenesis and progression of both macro and microvascular complications. While the pathophysiology of diabetic complications is complex, endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor with proliferative, profibrotic, and proinflammatory properties, may contribute to many facets of diabetic vascular disease. This review will focus on the effects of ET-1 on function and structure of microvessels (retina, skin and mesenteric arteries) and macrovessels (coronary and cerebral arteries) and also discuss the relative role(s) of endothelin A (ET(A)) and ET(B) receptors in mediating ET-1 actions.
糖尿病不仅是一种内分泌疾病，也是一种血管疾病。心血管并发症是与糖尿病相关的发病率和死亡率的主要原因。糖尿病影响大血管和小血管，因此糖尿病并发症广泛分为微血管（视网膜病变、肾病和神经病变）和大血管（心脏病、中风和外周动脉疾病）并发症。内皮功能障碍定义为内皮衍生的血管收缩和血管舒张物质之间的失衡，是大血管和微血管并发症发病机制和进展的共同特征。虽然糖尿病并发症的病理生理学很复杂，但内皮素-1（ET-1）是一种具有增殖、纤维化和炎症作用的强效血管收缩剂，可能对糖尿病血管疾病的许多方面都有贡献。本文将重点讨论 ET-1 对微血管（视网膜、皮肤和肠系膜动脉）和大血管（冠状动脉和脑动脉）的功能和结构的影响，并讨论内皮素 A（ET(A)）和 ET(B)受体在介导 ET-1 作用中的相对作用。
Zotero 插件