Denomme Gregory A, Johnson Susan T, Pietz Bradley C
Immunohematolgy Reference Laboratory, Blood Center of Wisconsin, 638 18th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53201-2178, United States.
Transfus Apher Sci. 2011 Feb;44(1):93-9. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2010.12.012. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Blood centers are able to recruit and process large numbers of blood donations to meet the demand for antigen-matched blood. However, there are limitations with the use of hemagglutination that can be circumvented with blood group genotyping. Antisera do not exist for several clinically important blood group antigens and many methods have been developed (direct hemagglutination, indirect antiglobulin-dependent, solid phase, or gel column). There is increasing interest to apply mass-scale red cell genotyping of blood donors to find rare (predicted) phenotypes, rare combinations of antigens and locus haplotypes, and to have access to information on the common clinically relevant blood group antigens. This review outlines technological advances, emerging algorithms, and the future of mass-scale red cell genotyping of blood donors.
血液中心能够招募并处理大量献血，以满足对抗原匹配血液的需求。然而，血凝试验的应用存在局限性，而血型基因分型可以规避这些局限性。目前尚无针对几种临床重要血型抗原的抗血清，并且已经开发了许多方法（直接血凝试验、间接抗球蛋白依赖法、固相法或凝胶柱法）。越来越多的人关注对献血者进行大规模红细胞基因分型，以发现罕见（预测）表型、罕见的抗原组合和基因座单倍型，并获取常见临床相关血型抗原的信息。本综述概述了技术进展、新兴算法以及献血者大规模红细胞基因分型的未来发展。
