Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2011 Feb;69(2):83-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00369.x.
School feeding programs (SFPs) are intended to alleviate short-term hunger, improve nutrition and cognition of children, and transfer income to families. The present review explores the impact of SFPs on nutritional, health, and educational outcomes of school-aged children in developing countries. Peer-reviewed journal articles and reviews published in the past 20 years were identified and screened for inclusion. Analysis of the articles revealed relatively consistent positive effects of school feeding in its different modalities on energy intake, micronutrient status, school enrollment, and attendance of the children participating in SFPs compared to non-participants. However, the positive impact of school feeding on growth, cognition, and academic achievement of school-aged children receiving SFPs compared to non-school-fed children was less conclusive. This review identifies research gaps and challenges that need to be addressed in the design and implementation of SFPs and calls for theory-based impact evaluations to strengthen the scientific evidence behind designing, funding, and implementing SFPs.
学校供餐计划旨在缓解儿童的短期饥饿，改善其营养和认知状况，并将收入转移给家庭。本综述探讨了学校供餐计划对发展中国家学龄儿童营养、健康和教育成果的影响。确定并筛选了过去 20 年发表的同行评审期刊文章和评论，以进行纳入分析。对这些文章的分析表明，与非参与者相比，学校供餐计划的不同模式对参与计划的儿童的能量摄入、微量营养素状况、入学率和出勤率均具有相对一致的积极影响。然而，学校供餐对接受供餐的学龄儿童的生长、认知和学业成绩的积极影响则不太确定。本综述确定了在设计和实施学校供餐计划方面需要解决的研究差距和挑战，并呼吁进行基于理论的影响评估，以加强设计、资助和实施学校供餐计划背后的科学依据。
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