Advances in transcatheter interventions in adults with congenital heart disease.

Cardiac catheterization in the adult patient with congenital heart disease clearly is now its own field. The history of the field is closely tied to pediatric cardiac catheterization, in large part because of the individual histories of its patients, and as such, at least for the foreseeable future, these two fields appear inexorably linked. For both, the pace of progress has been swift. This chapter provides a broad review of the important advances in cardiac catheterization that have occurred over the past decade as they pertain to the adult with congenital heart disease, with an emphasis on recent interventional tools and techniques that have revolutionized this exciting field.