Sanders Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2011 Jul;39(7):1395-400. doi: 10.1177/0363546510394431. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
The effectiveness of prophylactic knee bracing in preventing knee injuries during sports has been evaluated; however, because of the variability in study conclusions, the topic remains controversial. Despite a paucity of data, the authors believe that prophylactic knee bracing is frequently used in off-road motorcycling.
No statistically significant difference exists in the frequency and types of knee injuries incurred between braced and nonbraced riders using commercially available knee braces in off-road motorcycling.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Data from 2115 off-road motorcycle riders was obtained using an Internet-based survey over a 1-year period. Participants were grouped by use or nonuse of prophylactic knee bracing, and an incidence rate ratio was used for injury rate comparison.
Participants recorded 39 611 riding hours over the study period. A total of 57 riders (2.7%) sustained at least 1 knee injury, for a total of 89 injuries. The most common injuries involved the anterior cruciate ligament, menisci, and medial collateral ligament. There was a significantly higher rate of overall injuries in the nonbraced group versus the braced group (3.675 vs 1.587 per 1000 rider hours, P < .001). Significantly higher incidence rates of anterior cruciate ligament rupture (1.518 vs 0.701 per 1000 rider hours, P = .0274) and medial collateral ligament injury (0.799 vs 0.111 per 1000 rider hours, P = .002) were found among nonbraced riders compared with braced riders.
The most common knee injuries in off-road motorcycling involve the anterior cruciate ligament, menisci, and medial collateral ligament. The use of prophylactic knee bracing appears to have a beneficial effect in preventing medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament injuries as well as overall knee injury occurrence. These findings may be applicable to other sports that involve similar forces and mechanics.
预防性膝关节支具在预防运动中膝关节损伤的有效性已经得到评估；然而，由于研究结论的可变性，该主题仍然存在争议。尽管数据匮乏，作者认为在越野摩托车运动中，预防性膝关节支具经常被使用。
在越野摩托车运动中，使用和不使用市售膝关节支具的骑手之间，膝关节损伤的频率和类型没有统计学上的显著差异。
描述性流行病学研究。
在为期 1 年的时间里，通过互联网调查获得了 2115 名越野摩托车骑手的数据。参与者根据是否使用预防性膝关节支具分组，并使用发病率比值比较损伤发生率。
研究期间，参与者记录了 39611 小时的骑行时间。共有 57 名骑手（2.7%）至少发生 1 次膝关节损伤，共发生 89 次损伤。最常见的损伤涉及前交叉韧带、半月板和内侧副韧带。在未佩戴支具的组中，总体损伤发生率显著高于佩戴支具的组（每 1000 名骑手小时分别为 3.675 和 1.587，P <.001）。未佩戴支具的骑手前交叉韧带撕裂（每 1000 名骑手小时 1.518 比 0.701，P =.0274）和内侧副韧带损伤（每 1000 名骑手小时 0.799 比 0.111，P =.002）的发生率明显更高。
越野摩托车运动中最常见的膝关节损伤涉及前交叉韧带、半月板和内侧副韧带。使用预防性膝关节支具似乎对预防内侧副韧带和前交叉韧带损伤以及总体膝关节损伤的发生有有益的影响。这些发现可能适用于涉及类似力量和力学的其他运动。
