Center for Vaccinology, Ghent University and Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
J Clin Virol. 2011 Apr;50(4):334-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.01.003.
Vaccine-induced antibodies to envelope proteins frequently cause HIV seroconversion in uninfected recipients of HIV vaccine candidates and may thus have an impact on the vaccinee's ability to donate blood or acquire a life insurance policy.
To determine the occurrence of positive test results when commonly used HIV immunoassays are used to screen sera of HIV-uninfected volunteers who received an adjuvanted HIV-1 vaccine candidate containing HIV-1 antigens p24, reverse transcriptase, Nef and p17.
Sera of 50 subjects who received this polyprotein vaccine in a single center in Belgium were tested with 6 HIV screening assays and 1 confirmation test. All samples were drawn one year after the administration of the first of two vaccine doses given with one month interval.
Forty-five (90%) sera showed a positive test result in at least one of the 7 HIV tests used. The positivity rates were 88% in the Elecsys HIV Combi assay, 74% in the ADVIA Centaur EHIV and 48% in the PRISM HIV O Plus assay.
Interpretation of HIV test results is becoming increasingly complex with the growing number of volunteers participating in prophylactic HIV vaccine trials worldwide and the rising number of viral antigens included in these vaccine candidates. The results of this study in recipients of a highly immunogenic adjuvanted polyprotein HIV vaccine candidate devoid of envelope proteins, illustrate the increasing need for approaches that can discriminate HIV infection-induced antibodies from those elicited by a vaccine.
包膜蛋白诱导的抗体经常导致 HIV 疫苗候选者未感染的接受者发生 HIV 血清转换，因此可能会影响疫苗接种者献血或获得人寿保险的能力。
确定当使用常用的 HIV 免疫测定法筛选接受含有 HIV-1 抗原 p24、逆转录酶、Nef 和 p17 的 HIV-1 疫苗候选物的 HIV 未感染志愿者的血清时，通常使用的 HIV 免疫测定法出现阳性检测结果的情况。
在比利时的一个单一中心，对 50 名接受这种多蛋白疫苗的受试者的血清进行了 6 种 HIV 筛选检测和 1 种确认检测。所有样本均在间隔一个月给予两剂疫苗中的第一剂后一年采集。
45（90%）份血清在使用的 7 种 HIV 检测中的至少一种中显示阳性检测结果。Elecsys HIV Combi 检测的阳性率为 88%，ADVIA Centaur EHIV 的阳性率为 74%，PRISM HIV O Plus 检测的阳性率为 48%。
随着全球参与预防性 HIV 疫苗试验的志愿者人数不断增加，以及这些疫苗候选物中包含的病毒抗原数量不断增加，HIV 检测结果的解释变得越来越复杂。这项研究在接受高度免疫原性的佐剂多蛋白 HIV 疫苗候选物的接受者中的结果表明，越来越需要能够区分 HIV 感染诱导的抗体与疫苗引起的抗体的方法。
