Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, and State Health Department, Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;32(4):351-60. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462010000400007.
The prevalence of HIV among psychiatric patients is higher than general population rates worldwide. Many risk behaviors have been identified in studies from both developing and developed countries, though sampling limitations restrict the generalizability of their results. The objective of this study was to report findings from the first national sample of psychiatric patients about lifetime practice of unsafe sex and associated factors.
A national multicenter sample of adults with mental illness was randomly selected from 26 public mental health institutions throughout Brazil. Sociodemographic, sexual behavior and clinical data were obtained from person-to-person interviews and blood was collected for serology testing. Logistic regression was used for analysis.
The overall prevalence of lifetime unprotected sex was 80.3%. Married, older, female patients, those with multiple partners and living with children or partners only and those with less severe psychiatric diagnosis more often practised unsafe sex.
Risk behavior assessment is a critical tool for clinicians to be able to determine needed HIV-related services for their clients and ensure appropriate follow-through with care and prevention. Interventions that address situational risks in psychiatric patients' lives-institutional and individual- and increase their ability to make informed decisions about their sexual health are urgently needed.
在全球范围内，精神科患者中的艾滋病毒感染率高于普通人群。许多风险行为已在发展中国家和发达国家的研究中得到确认，尽管抽样限制限制了其结果的普遍性。本研究的目的是报告来自巴西 26 家公立精神卫生机构的首个全国性精神科患者终生不安全性行为及其相关因素的样本结果。
从巴西全国范围内的 26 家公立精神卫生机构中随机抽取了成年精神疾病患者的全国性多中心样本。通过面对面访谈获得了社会人口统计学、性行为和临床数据，并采集了血液进行血清学检测。采用逻辑回归进行分析。
终生无保护性行为的总体患病率为 80.3%。已婚、年龄较大、女性患者、有多个性伴侣、与子女或伴侣同住以及精神科诊断较轻的患者更常发生不安全性行为。
风险行为评估是临床医生确定其患者所需的艾滋病毒相关服务并确保适当跟进护理和预防的重要工具。需要紧急采取干预措施，解决精神科患者生活中的情境风险——机构和个人——并增强他们对自身性行为健康做出明智决策的能力。
