National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.
Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):703-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1197962.
Ecology is a synthetic discipline benefiting from open access to data from the earth, life, and social sciences. Technological challenges exist, however, due to the dispersed and heterogeneous nature of these data. Standardization of methods and development of robust metadata can increase data access but are not sufficient. Reproducibility of analyses is also important, and executable workflows are addressing this issue by capturing data provenance. Sociological challenges, including inadequate rewards for sharing data, must also be resolved. The establishment of well-curated, federated data repositories will provide a means to preserve data while promoting attribution and acknowledgement of its use.
生态学是一门综合学科，受益于对地球、生命和社会科学数据的开放获取。然而，由于这些数据的分散和异构性质，仍然存在技术挑战。方法的标准化和强大元数据的开发可以增加数据的可访问性，但这还不够。分析的可重复性也很重要，可执行的工作流程通过捕获数据来源来解决这个问题。包括数据共享奖励不足在内的社会学挑战也必须得到解决。建立精心管理的联邦式数据存储库将提供一种保存数据的方法，同时促进对其使用的归因和认可。
