Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Health Place. 2011 Mar;17(2):681-90. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.01.008. Epub 2011 Jan 31.
Children with developmental disabilities are at risk for secondary complications and lower academic performance, which contributes to lower health and well-being and may be ameliorated by access to special education services. This paper examines state variability in preschool special education participation among a United States population-based cohort with parent-reported developmental delays and disabilities. Analyses explore the extent to which observed variability can be explained by state socio-economic attributes and special education policy and funding. Rates of special education varied significantly across states and were highest in states with least income inequality and lowest in states with most income inequality. Place variation in preschool special education participation stems, in part, from child characteristics, but to a larger extent, from state socio-economic attributes.
发育障碍儿童存在继发并发症和学业成绩下降的风险，这会降低他们的健康和幸福感，而获得特殊教育服务可能有助于改善这种情况。本文研究了美国一个基于人群的、具有父母报告发育迟缓或残疾的队列中，学前特殊教育参与的州际差异。分析探讨了观察到的变异性在多大程度上可以用州的社会经济属性以及特殊教育政策和资金来解释。特殊教育的比例在各州之间存在显著差异，在收入不平等程度最低的州最高，在收入不平等程度最高的州最低。学前特殊教育参与的地区差异部分源于儿童的特点，但在更大程度上源于州的社会经济属性。
