Smith Marvin M, Hevener Christy Chung
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
Am J Econ Sociol. 2011;70(1):50-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1536-7150.2010.00763.x.
Across the nation, nonprofit organizations located in poor and declining neighborhoods are promoting homeownership in the hopes that their efforts will stave off decline and contribute to neighborhood stability. A common homeownership strategy among nonprofits is to acquire boarded-up or deteriorated homes at a low price, rehabilitate them, and then sell them at an affordable price. As these programs continue, nonprofit organizations want to show quantitatively that neighborhood revitalization works—that the funds devoted to an area stabilize neighborhoods or, even more, that they initiate a surge of continued upward progress. But, unlike their larger counterparts, smaller community development organizations are usually at a disadvantage in undertaking such an evaluation. This study will help illustrate what might be done. It focuses on the case of St. Joseph's Carpenter Society (SJCS) in Camden, New Jersey and assesses the quantitative impact that SJCS has on its target neighborhoods. A three-tiered approach is adopted that ranges from a target and comparison area analysis, to regression analysis of SJCS's impact on local housing prices, and finally to an examination of the relative market performance of SJCS's houses. All told, the analysis suggests that SJCS's rehabilitation and homeownership education activities appear to have a positive influence on the neighborhoods in its target area.
在全国范围内，位于贫困和衰败社区的非营利组织正在推动住房自有化，希望通过自身努力避免社区衰败，并促进社区稳定。非营利组织中常见的住房自有化策略是低价收购那些用木板封起来或破败不堪的房屋，进行修复，然后以可承受的价格出售。随着这些项目的持续推进，非营利组织希望通过量化数据证明社区振兴是有效的——投入到某个区域的资金能够稳定社区，甚至能推动社区持续蓬勃发展。但是，与大型组织不同，小型社区发展组织在进行此类评估时通常处于劣势。本研究将有助于说明可以采取哪些措施。它聚焦于新泽西州卡姆登市的圣约瑟夫木匠协会（SJCS）的案例，并评估SJCS对其目标社区的量化影响。研究采用了一种三层分析方法，从目标区域与对照区域分析，到SJCS对当地房价影响的回归分析，最后考察SJCS房屋的相对市场表现。总体而言，分析表明SJCS的房屋修复和住房自有化教育活动似乎对其目标区域的社区产生了积极影响。
