Génétique Moléculaire Murine, Department of Developmental Biology, CNRS URA2578, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75015, France.
J Mol Biol. 2011 May 27;409(1):62-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.02.022. Epub 2011 Feb 15.
X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) ensures dosage compensation in mammals. Random XCI is a process where a single X chromosome is silenced in each cell of the epiblast of mouse female embryos. Operating at the level of an entire chromosome, XCI is a major paradigm for epigenetic processes. Here we review the most recent discoveries concerning the role of long noncoding RNAs, pluripotency factors, and chromosome structure in random XCI.
X 染色体失活（XCI）确保了哺乳动物的剂量补偿。随机 XCI 是一个过程，即在雌性小鼠胚胎外胚层的每个细胞中沉默一条 X 染色体。作为一个完整染色体的水平，XCI 是表观遗传过程的主要范例。在这里，我们回顾了关于长非编码 RNA、多能性因子和染色体结构在随机 XCI 中的作用的最新发现。
