University of Otago, School of Physiotherapy, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Jul;41(7):505-13. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2011.3489. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
Controlled laboratory study, using a repeated-measures, counterbalanced design.
To provide estimates on the average knee angle maintained, absolute knee angle error, and total repetitions performed during 2 versions of the heel raise test.
The heel raise test is performed in knee extension (EHRT) to assess gastrocnemius and knee flexion (FHRT) for soleus. However, it has not yet been determined whether select knee angles are maintained or whether total repetitions differ between the clinical versions of the heel raise test.
Seventeen healthy males and females performed maximal heel raise repetitions in 0° (EHRT) and 30° (FHRT) of desired knee flexion. The average angle maintained and absolute error at the knee during the 2 versions, and total heel raise repetitions, were measured using motion analysis. Participants' kinematic measures were fitted into a generalized estimation equation model to provide estimates on EHRT and FHRT performance applicable to the general population.
The model estimates that average angles of 2.2° and 30.7° will be maintained at the knee by the general population during the EHRT and the FHRT, with an absolute angle error of 3.4° and 2.5°, respectively. In both versions, 40 repetitions should be completed. However, the average angles maintained by participants ranged from -6.3° to 21.6° during the EHRT and from 22.0° to 43.0° during the FHRT, with the highest absolute errors in knee position being 25.9° and 33.5°, respectively.
On average, select knee angles will be maintained by the general population during the select heel raise test versions, but individualized performance is variable and total repetitions do not distinguish between versions. Clinicians should, therefore, interpret select heel raise test outcomes with caution when used to respectively assess and rehabilitate soleus and gastrocnemius function.
对照实验室研究，采用重复测量、平衡设计。
提供 2 种跟腱提升试验版本中平均维持的膝关节角度、绝对膝关节角度误差和总重复次数的估计值。
跟腱提升试验在膝关节伸展（EHRT）中进行，以评估腓肠肌和膝关节屈曲（FHRT）用于比目鱼肌。然而，尚未确定在临床版本的跟腱提升试验中是否保持选择的膝关节角度，或者总重复次数是否不同。
17 名健康男性和女性在 0°（EHRT）和 30°（FHRT）期望膝关节屈曲下进行最大跟腱提升重复次数。使用运动分析测量 2 个版本中膝关节的平均维持角度和绝对误差，以及总跟腱提升重复次数。将参与者的运动学测量值拟合到广义估计方程模型中，以提供适用于一般人群的 EHRT 和 FHRT 性能估计值。
模型估计，一般人群在 EHRT 和 FHRT 期间将分别在膝关节维持 2.2°和 30.7°的平均角度，绝对角度误差分别为 3.4°和 2.5°。在这两个版本中，都应完成 40 次重复。然而，参与者在 EHRT 期间维持的平均角度范围为-6.3°至 21.6°，在 FHRT 期间为 22.0°至 43.0°，膝关节位置的最高绝对误差分别为 25.9°和 33.5°。
一般来说，在选择的跟腱提升试验版本中，一般人群将维持选择的膝关节角度，但个体表现是可变的，总重复次数无法区分版本。因此，当用于分别评估和康复比目鱼肌和腓肠肌功能时，临床医生应谨慎解释选择的跟腱提升试验结果。
