Hirota Kazuyoshi, Lambert David G
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hirosaki School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2005;312:147-59. doi: 10.1385/1-59259-949-4:147.
Intracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(2+)) can rise primarily via release from intracellular storage sites (e.g., the endoplasmic reticulum) or via entry across the membrane down the steep concentration gradient. Ca(2+) can enter through two main classes of plasma membrane-located Ca(2+) channels: receptor operated and voltage sensitive. Voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels are involved in a wide and diverse array of physiological responses including neurotransmitter release. In addition, many guanine nucleotide protein (G) coupled receptors couple to voltage-sensitive Ca2(+) channels to reduce Ca(2+) influx.
细胞内钙离子（[Ca(2+)]i）浓度升高主要通过从细胞内储存位点（如内质网）释放，或通过顺着陡峭的浓度梯度跨膜进入细胞。钙离子可通过两类主要位于质膜的钙离子通道进入细胞：受体操纵性通道和电压敏感性通道。电压敏感性钙离子通道参与广泛多样的生理反应，包括神经递质释放。此外，许多鸟嘌呤核苷酸蛋白（G）偶联受体与电压敏感性钙离子通道偶联，以减少钙离子内流。
