Ishikawa T, Nakashima M, Shitozawa K, Nagasaka N
Department of Pedodontics, Hiroshima University School of Dentistry.
Shoni Shikagaku Zasshi. 1990;28(4):1066-74.
The subjects were a total of 60 children, of which 30 were kindergarteners, and 30 were school age children. Changes in internal behavior were observed when the subjects were stimulated by only visual stimulation (V), only audio stimulation (A) and audio-visual stimulation (AV) of the crying of other child patients for 20 seconds each. The change ratios of the 3 stimuli were analyzed with respect to the plethysmogram (PL), the respiration curve (RC) and the galvanic skin reflex (GSR). The internal changes to the 3 stimuli of the crying were compared with difference in stimulus, age difference, sex difference, the difference of dental anxiety. 1) The change ratios decreased in the following order, AV greater than A greater than V on PL and RC. There were significant differences between V and A, also V and AV on PL and GSR. Based on the standardized score, the score decreased in the following order, AV greater than A greater than V, and there were significant differences between V and A, also V and AV. 2) Comparing age groups, kindergarteners showed larger change ratios than school age children for A and AV by GSR. Based on the standardized score, there were no significant age difference for each stimulation. 3) Comparing sex groups, there was a significant difference for A by PL. According to the standardized score, there was no significant sex difference for each stimulation. 4) There was no significant difference for each stimulation by the dental anxiety degree of the mother.
研究对象共有60名儿童,其中30名是幼儿园儿童,30名是学龄儿童。当研究对象分别受到其他儿童患者哭声的仅视觉刺激(V)、仅听觉刺激(A)和视听刺激(AV)各20秒时,观察其内部行为的变化。分析了这三种刺激在体积描记图(PL)、呼吸曲线(RC)和皮肤电反射(GSR)方面的变化率。比较了哭声的这三种刺激在刺激差异、年龄差异、性别差异、牙科焦虑差异方面的内部变化。1)在PL和RC上,变化率按AV大于A大于V的顺序降低。在PL和GSR上,V与A之间、V与AV之间存在显著差异。基于标准化分数,分数按AV大于A大于V的顺序降低,V与A之间、V与AV之间存在显著差异。2)比较年龄组,幼儿园儿童在A和AV刺激下,通过GSR显示出比学龄儿童更大的变化率。基于标准化分数,每种刺激下不存在显著的年龄差异。3)比较性别组,在PL上A存在显著差异。根据标准化分数,每种刺激下不存在显著的性别差异。4)母亲的牙科焦虑程度对每种刺激均无显著差异。