M Hassanein Minar Mahmoud, El-Shami Safinaz M, El-Mallah Mohammed Hassan
National Research Centre, Fats and Oils Dept, 33 Tahrir St Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
J Oleo Sci. 2011;60(3):99-107. doi: 10.5650/jos.60.99.
Nigella sativa, lupin and artichoke seed oils have been investigated. The oils were subjected to detailed studies using gas chromatographic analysis (GLC) for fatty acids (FA, as methyl esters) and whole sterols (as silyl derivatives). Whereas, high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for determination of molecular species of triacylglycerols (TAG), four sterol lipids (free and acylated sterols, FS and AS, and free and acylated sterylglycosides, FSG and ASG, as their anthroylnitrile derivatives) as well as tocopherol patterns (T). The results showed that the three seed oils are rich in oleic and linoleic acids whereas, lupin had high linolenic acid content. It was found that the TAGs of the three oils showed some similarity with sunflower oil. Lupin oil had higher sterol content and it was very rich in campe- and β-sitosterol. Nigella sativa oil had a high content of isofucosterol, whereas artichoke oil was unique in having a high content of 5-stigma-, 7-stigma-, and avena- sterol. Concerning the FS and AS, Nigella sativa oil had the highest content, whereas artichoke oil had the highest content of FSG and ASG. Nigella sativa and lupin oils contained over 90 % γ-T while, artichoke oil comprised about 100 % α-T. It is recommended to use the three oils as healthy oils and folk medicine.
已对黑种草籽、羽扇豆和洋蓟籽油进行了研究。使用气相色谱分析（GLC）对这些油进行了详细研究，以分析脂肪酸（FA，以甲酯形式）和总甾醇（以硅烷基衍生物形式）。而高压液相色谱（HPLC）则用于测定三酰甘油（TAG）的分子种类、四种甾醇脂质（游离和酰化甾醇，FS和AS，以及游离和酰化甾醇糖苷，FSG和ASG，以其蒽腈衍生物形式）以及生育酚模式（T）。结果表明，这三种籽油富含油酸和亚油酸，而羽扇豆的亚麻酸含量较高。发现这三种油的TAG与葵花籽油有一些相似之处。羽扇豆油的甾醇含量较高，且富含菜油甾醇和β-谷甾醇。黑种草籽油的异岩藻甾醇含量较高，而洋蓟油的独特之处在于其5-豆甾烯醇、7-豆甾烯醇和燕麦甾醇含量较高。关于FS和AS，黑种草籽油的含量最高，而洋蓟油的FSG和ASG含量最高。黑种草籽和羽扇豆油含有超过90%的γ-T，而洋蓟油约含100%的α-T。建议将这三种油用作健康油和民间药物。
