Southern E P, Oxland T R, Panjabi M M, Duranceau J S
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
J Spinal Disord. 1990 Dec;3(4):316-28.
Cervical spine fractures and dislocations account for a large number of deaths and disabilities in the United States each year. More knowledge of the anatomic injuries produced by known trauma may yield practical information regarding injury mechanisms and treatment alternatives. In this experiment, 16 porcine cervical spine three-vertebrae segments were subjected to flexion-compression, extension-compression, and compression-alone trauma modes. The resultant injuries were scored by anatomic dissection. The results were analyzed for variance with trauma mode using nonparametric analysis. The three modes of trauma were found to have statistically significant differences in the degree of injury to the spine and its structural components. Extension-compression trauma produced the greatest injury scores to the whole spine and to the anterior structures. Flexion-compression trauma produced the highest posterior element injury scores. Compression trauma alone produced the lowest injury scores and no definitive pattern of anatomic injuries. The severity of anatomic injuries in this model relates most to the addition of bending moments to high-speed axial compression of the spine segment.
在美国，颈椎骨折和脱位每年导致大量死亡和残疾。对已知创伤所造成的解剖损伤有更多了解，可能会得出有关损伤机制和治疗选择的实用信息。在本实验中，对16个猪颈椎三节段施加屈曲-压缩、伸展-压缩和单纯压缩创伤模式。通过解剖对由此产生的损伤进行评分。使用非参数分析对创伤模式的结果进行方差分析。发现这三种创伤模式在脊柱及其结构成分的损伤程度上存在统计学显著差异。伸展-压缩创伤对整个脊柱和前部结构造成的损伤评分最高。屈曲-压缩创伤对后部结构造成的损伤评分最高。单纯压缩创伤造成的损伤评分最低，且没有明确的解剖损伤模式。该模型中解剖损伤的严重程度与脊柱节段高速轴向压缩时弯矩的增加最为相关。
