Florida Department of Health, Bureau of HIV/AIDS, Bin A09, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee, FL 32399-1715, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2011 Jan-Feb;126(1):60-72. doi: 10.1177/003335491112600110.
Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear the greatest burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in every state in the U.S., but their populations are poorly defined. We estimated and compared populations of MSM in 2007 by region, state, and race/ethnicity.
We averaged findings from two statistical models we had previously developed to estimate the total state-specific percentage and number of males who were MSM. The models were based, respectively, on state-specific rural/ suburban/urban characteristics and an index using state-specific household census data on same-sex male unmarried partners. A third model, based on racial/ethnic ratios from a nationally representative behavioral survey, partitioned these statewide numbers by race/ethnicity.
Of an estimated 7.1 million MSM residing in the U.S. in 2007, 71.4% (5.1 million) were white, 15.9% (1.1 million) were Hispanic, 8.9% (635,000) were black, 2.7% (191,000) were Asian, 0.4% (26,000) were American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.1% (6,000) were Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander, and 0.6% (41,000) were of multiple/unknown race/ethnicity. The overall U.S. percentage of males who were MSM (6.4%) varied from 3.3% in South Dakota to 13.2% in the District of Columbia, which we treated as a state. Estimated numbers of MSM ranged from 9,612 in Wyoming to 1,104,805 in California.
Plausible estimates of MSM populations by state and race/ethnicity can inform and guide HIV/AIDS surveillance, allocation of resources, and advocacy. They can help in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of HIV prevention programs and other services. Using MSM numbers as denominators, estimates of population-based MSM HIV incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates could help clarify national and state-level epidemic dynamics. Until corroborated by other modeling and/or empirical research, these estimates should be used with caution.
在美国的每个州，男男性行为者（MSM）都承担着最大的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）负担，但他们的人群特征却没有得到很好的定义。我们估计并比较了 2007 年按地区、州和种族/族裔划分的 MSM 人群。
我们平均了我们之前开发的两个统计模型的结果，这些模型用于估计特定州的男性男男性行为者的总数和比例。这些模型分别基于特定州的农村/郊区/城市特征和一个使用特定州的家庭人口普查数据来衡量同性男性未婚伴侣的指数。第三个模型则基于全国代表性行为调查中的种族/族裔比例，将这些全州范围内的数字按种族/族裔进行了划分。
在 2007 年，估计有 714 万（510 万）居住在美国的 MSM 是白人，15.9%（110 万）是西班牙裔，8.9%（63.5 万）是黑人，2.7%（19.1 万）是亚裔，0.4%（2.6 万）是美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民，0.1%（6000）是夏威夷原住民/其他太平洋岛民，0.6%（41000）是多种族/未知种族/族裔。美国男性男男性行为者的总体比例（6.4%）从南达科他州的 3.3%到哥伦比亚特区的 13.2%不等，我们将哥伦比亚特区视为一个州。估计的 MSM 数量从怀俄明州的 9612 人到加利福尼亚州的 1104805 人不等。
按州和种族/族裔划分的 MSM 人群的合理估计可以为 HIV/AIDS 监测、资源分配和宣传提供信息和指导。它们有助于规划、实施和评估 HIV 预防计划和其他服务。使用 MSM 数量作为分母，可以帮助阐明全国和州一级的流行动态，包括基于人群的 MSM HIV 发病率、流行率和死亡率的估计。在得到其他建模和/或实证研究的证实之前，应谨慎使用这些估计。
