Moore Lynette M, Holmes Kristen M, Fuller Gregory N, Zhang Wei
Department of Pathology, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Chin J Cancer. 2011 Mar;30(3):163-72. doi: 10.5732/cjc.010.10572.
The aggressive and invasive nature of brain tumors has hampered progress in the design and implementation of efficacious therapies. The recent success of targeted therapies in other tumor types makes this an attractive area for research yet complicating matters is the ability of brain tumors to circumvent the targeted pathways to develop drug resistance. Effective therapies will likely need to target more than one signaling pathway or target multiple nodes within a given pathway. Key to identifying these targets is the elucidation of the driver and passenger molecules within these pathways. Animal models provide a useful tool with many advantages in the study of these pathways. These models provide a means to dissect the critical components of tumorigenesis, as well as serve as agents for preclinical testing. This review focuses on the use of the RCAS/tv-a mouse model of brain tumors and describes their unique ability to provide insight into the role of oncogene cooperation in tumor development and progression.
脑肿瘤的侵袭性和转移性阻碍了有效治疗方案设计与实施方面的进展。靶向治疗在其他肿瘤类型中的近期成功，使其成为一个颇具吸引力的研究领域，但脑肿瘤规避靶向通路产生耐药性的能力又使情况变得复杂。有效的治疗可能需要针对不止一条信号通路，或针对给定通路内的多个节点。识别这些靶点的关键在于阐明这些通路中的驱动分子和乘客分子。动物模型是研究这些通路的有用工具，具有诸多优势。这些模型提供了剖析肿瘤发生关键成分的方法，还可作为临床前测试的载体。本综述聚焦于脑肿瘤的RCAS/tv-a小鼠模型的应用，并描述了它们在洞察癌基因协同作用在肿瘤发生和发展中的作用方面的独特能力。
