Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Que., Canada H9X 3V9.
Chemosphere. 2011 Apr;83(5):668-73. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.007. Epub 2011 Feb 26.
Soil washing is a treatment process that can be used to remediate both organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated soils, sludges, and sediments. A soil washing procedure was evaluated utilizing about 100g samples of soil that had been field-contaminated with arsenic, chromium, copper, pentachlorophenol (PCP), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The highest level of mobilization/detoxification was achieved in three soil washes with a mixture of 0.1M [S,S]-ethyelnediaminedisuccinate ([S,S]-EDDS) and 2% Brij 98 at pH 9 with 20 min of ultrasonication treatment at room temperature. This combination mobilized 70% of arsenic, 75% of chromium, 80% of copper, 90% of PCP, and 79% of PCDDs and PCDFs, so that the decontaminated soil met the maximum acceptable concentrations of the generic C-level criteria regulated by the Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs for the Province of Québec, Canada. The organic pollutants were back-extracted from the aqueous suspension with hexane. Heavy metals were virtually completely precipitated from the aqueous washing suspension with Mg(0) particles at room temperature. The PCP was detoxified by catalytic hydrodechlorination with a stream of 5% (v/v) H(2)-supercritical CO(2) that transported the organosoluble fraction through a reaction chamber containing 2% Pd/γ-Al(2)O(3). In toto, this soil washing procedure demonstrates that persistent organic pollutants and selected heavy metals can be co-extracted efficiently from a field-contaminated soil with three successive washes with the same soil washing solution containing [S,S]-EDDS and a non-ionic surfactant (Brij 98) in admixture. An industrial-scale ex situ soil washing procedure with a combination of a non-ionic surfactant and a complexing reagent seems to be a plausible remediation technique for this former wooden utility pole storage facility.
土壤洗涤是一种处理过程，可用于修复受污染土壤、污泥和沉积物中的有机和无机污染物。评价了一种土壤洗涤程序，该程序利用约 100g 现场污染砷、铬、铜、五氯苯酚（PCP）、多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）的土壤进行。在 pH9 下，用 0.1M[S,S]-乙二胺二琥珀酸([S,S]-EDDS)和 2%Brij98 的混合物进行三次土壤洗涤，并在室温下进行 20 分钟的超声处理，实现了最高的迁移/解毒水平。该组合使砷的 70%、铬的 75%、铜的 80%、PCP 的 90%和 PCDDs 和 PCDFs 的 79%得以迁移，从而使受污染土壤达到了加拿大魁北克省由可持续发展、环境和公园部监管的通用 C 级标准的最大允许浓度。用己烷从水悬浮液中反萃取有机污染物。重金属在室温下用 Mg(0)颗粒从水洗涤悬浮液中几乎完全沉淀。用 5%（v/v）H(2)-超临界 CO(2)的流体制备的 PCP 通过包含 2%Pd/γ-Al(2)O(3)的反应室进行催化加氢脱氯而解毒。总之，这种土壤洗涤程序表明，通过用含有[S,S]-EDDS 和非离子表面活性剂（Brij98）的相同土壤洗涤溶液连续洗涤三次，可以从现场污染土壤中有效共提取持久性有机污染物和选定的重金属。一种组合使用非离子表面活性剂和络合剂的工业规模异位土壤洗涤程序似乎是该前木质电线杆储存设施的一种可行的修复技术。
