Bai Yang, Ouyang Zhi-yun, Zheng Hua, Xu Wei-hua, Jiang Bo, Fang Yu
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2010 Nov;21(11):2938-45.
According to the connotation of ecosystem services, an evaluation index system for the agro-ecosystem services in the Haihe River basin of China was established, and the economic value of the agro-ecosystem services and environmental costs were evaluated by the methods of market valuation, shadow price, and opportunity cost. In 2005, the total environmental benefit value of the agro-ecosystem services in the basin was 180. 264 billion RMB, with the regulation value of 79.416 billion RMB (44.06%) and the supporting value of 100.848 billion RMB (55.94%). Provision and cultural services were not considered in this research. From the viewpoint of functional type, the ecosystem services value from high to low was in the order of oxygen release > water conservation > nutrient cycling > soil conservation > waste purification > environmental purification > carbon sequestration > straw returning. The environmental costs of the agro-ecosystem were quite high (42. 293 billion RMB), among which, fertilizer loss was 427.42 x 10(4) t, equivalent to 15.191 billion RMB, and greenhouse gases production was calculated as 3599.65 x 10(4) t CO2, equivalent to 27. 102 billion RMB.
依据生态系统服务的内涵，构建了中国海河流域农业生态系统服务评价指标体系，并运用市场估值、影子价格和机会成本等方法，对农业生态系统服务的经济价值及环境成本进行了评估。2005年，该流域农业生态系统服务的总环境效益价值为1802.64亿元，其中调节价值为794.16亿元（占44.06%），支持价值为1008.48亿元（占55.94%）。本研究未考虑供给和文化服务。从功能类型来看，生态系统服务价值由高到低依次为释氧＞水源涵养＞养分循环＞土壤保持＞废弃物净化＞环境净化＞固碳＞秸秆还田。农业生态系统的环境成本相当高（422.93亿元），其中，化肥流失量为427.42×10⁴t，相当于151.91亿元，温室气体排放量按3599.65×10⁴t CO₂计算，相当于271.02亿元。
