University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Health Soc Behav. 2011 Mar;52(1):58-73. doi: 10.1177/0022146510394951.
Research on why neighborhood disadvantage matters for health focuses on the capacity of neighborhoods to regulate residents' behavior through informal social control. The authors extend this research by conducting a multilevel analysis of data from a 1995 telephone survey of 497 residents of 32 neighborhoods in a U.S. city. The authors find that network social capital mediates the contextual effect of neighborhood disadvantage on depressive symptoms and that health effects of network social capital persist when perceived neighborhood disorder, a standard indicator of low informal social control, is controlled for. The findings demonstrate the value of a conceptualization and measurement of network social capital that (1) considers ties that transcend neighborhood boundaries, (2) investigates health benefits of network social capital in the forms of closure and embedded support resources and range and embedded instrumental resources, and (3) uses network data on specific network members with strong and weak ties to respondents.
研究邻里劣势为何对健康很重要，其关注的焦点是邻里通过非正式社会控制来规范居民行为的能力。本文通过对美国一城市 32 个邻里的 497 名居民在 1995 年进行的电话调查数据进行多层次分析，对这一研究进行了扩展。研究发现，网络社会资本在邻里劣势对抑郁症状的影响中起中介作用，而当控制了感知邻里混乱（非正式社会控制水平低的一个标准指标）后，网络社会资本对健康的影响仍然存在。研究结果表明，一种网络社会资本的概念化和测量方法具有价值，该方法（1）考虑了超越邻里界限的关系；（2）调查了网络社会资本在闭合和嵌入式支持资源以及范围和嵌入式工具资源方面对健康的益处；（3）使用了关于受访者与其具有强关系和弱关系的特定网络成员的网络数据。
