Pogorzalek N, de Monchy I, Gendron G, Labetoulle M
Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 7, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2011 Mar;34(3):157-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2010.11.005. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
To determine the prevalence of high intraocular pressure (HIOP) in 103 patients.
One hundred and three consecutive patients referred to our department for uveitis were included. Files were retrospectively analyzed for age at time of presentation, gender, type of uveitis (as defined by International Uveitis Study Group) and etiology, time of HIOP (primary or secondary to treatment), and associated filtering surgical procedure. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry and HIOP was defined as intraocular pressure 21 mm Hg or higher.
Among these patients, 36% of uveitis cases were related to a concomitant infectious disease (herpetic disease in 20% of cases and herpes zoster in 4%). No significant difference in age or gender was found between groups. At least one episode of HIOP was found during the acute phase of the disease in 27 patients (26.2%): anterior uveitis accounted for 74% of patients. Most hypertensive cases were associated with herpetic disease (37%), whereas steroid-induced HIOP was suspected in only two patients (7.4%). HIOP was controlled by topical hypotensive treatment in 74.1% of patients, and a filtering surgical procedure was found necessary in seven patients (25.9%).
This retrospective study confirms that HIOP is a major complication of uveitis, especially in those involving the anterior chamber of the eye and/or related to viruses. Most cases responded rapidly to combined topical steroids/antiglaucomatous therapy.
确定103例患者中高眼压（HIOP）的患病率。
纳入连续103例因葡萄膜炎转诊至我科的患者。对病历进行回顾性分析，内容包括就诊时的年龄、性别、葡萄膜炎类型（根据国际葡萄膜炎研究组定义）及病因、高眼压发生时间（原发性或治疗继发性）以及相关的滤过性手术。使用Goldmann压平眼压计测量眼压，高眼压定义为眼压21 mmHg或更高。
在这些患者中，36%的葡萄膜炎病例与合并的感染性疾病有关（20%为疱疹性疾病，4%为带状疱疹）。各组之间在年龄或性别上未发现显著差异。27例患者（26.2%）在疾病急性期出现至少一次高眼压发作：前葡萄膜炎患者占74%。大多数高血压病例与疱疹性疾病有关（37%），而仅2例患者（7.4%）怀疑为类固醇诱导的高眼压。74.1%的患者通过局部降压治疗控制了高眼压，7例患者（25.9%）需要进行滤过性手术。
这项回顾性研究证实，高眼压是葡萄膜炎的主要并发症，尤其是在前房受累和/或与病毒相关的葡萄膜炎中。大多数病例对局部类固醇/抗青光眼联合治疗反应迅速。
