Phai P
Genetics Laboratory State Committee on Science and Technology of Vietnam, Hanoi, DR Vietnam.
Theor Appl Genet. 1976 Jul;48(4):163-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00527367.
An original technique has been developed of treating gametes, zygotes and early embryos of Nigella damascena L. with chemical and physical mutagens. A delay in fertilization and a decrease in the rate of cell division of the embryo and the endosperm after mutagen treatment have been found. Our method of treating gametes, zygotes and proembryos with chemical and physical mutagens is, by all criteria, superior to that of treating dry seeds. Treatment applied at early stages of ontogenesis not only induced a much higher mutation ratio compared with dry seeds, but also gave a broader mutation spectrum. The 55 types of hereditary change obtained affect the structure of vegetative and reproductive organs. Mutations which change the structure of the reproductive organs of flowers are of specific interest.The optimum dose for this object and the method of treatment which induces high mutation ratio (up to 96 % of families with changes) is 0.003p (16 hrs) for ethylenimine and 0.005p or 0.008p (16 hrs) for nitrosomethylurea. Treatment of dry seeds turned out to be much less effective.
已开发出一种用化学和物理诱变剂处理黑种草配子、合子和早期胚胎的原创技术。发现诱变处理后受精延迟，胚胎和胚乳的细胞分裂速率降低。我们用化学和物理诱变剂处理配子、合子和原胚的方法，从各方面标准来看，都优于处理干种子的方法。在个体发育早期进行处理，不仅与干种子相比诱导出更高的突变率，而且产生更广泛的突变谱。获得的55种遗传变化影响营养器官和生殖器官的结构。改变花生殖器官结构的突变特别令人感兴趣。实现该目标以及诱导高突变率（高达96%的家系出现变化）的处理方法的最佳剂量，对于乙烯亚胺是0.003p（16小时），对于亚硝基甲基脲是0.005p或0.008p（16小时）。结果表明处理干种子的效果要差得多。
