Rasambainarivo Fidisoa T, Junge Randall E
Madagascar Fauna Group, BP 442 Morafeno Toamasina, Madagascar.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2010 Dec;41(4):638-42. doi: 10.1638/2009-0243.1.
Infections with gastrointestinal parasites may be a major threat to lemurs kept in captivity, as they are a common cause of diarrhea. In this study, fecal egg count patterns and clinical signs associated with gastrointestinal nematodes were assessed for 12 mo in 40 lemurs kept under different husbandry and climatic conditions at two sites in Madagascar. Involved species were black-and-white ruffed lemurs (Varecia variegata), eastern grey bamboo lemurs (Hapalemur griseus), greater bamboo lemurs (Prolemur simus), red-bellied lemurs (Eulemur rubriventer), common brown lemurs (Eulemurfulvus), crowned lemurs (Eulemur coronatus), and Sclater's black lemurs (Eulemur macaco flavifrons). At site 1 (Tsimbazaza Zoological Park), lemurs were kept in small enclosures with daily cleaning of the cement soiling and without routine anthelmintic program, whereas at site 2 (Ivoloina Zoological Park), lemurs received routine anthelmintic prophylaxis and were housed in small enclosure with daily cleaning of sandy soil enclosures. A total of five genera of nematode eggs from the orders Strongylida, Oxyurida, and Enoplida were recovered and identified from 198 out of 240 samples (83%) at site 1 and 79% (189 out of 240) at site 2 with the use of a modified McMaster technique. Significant differences were found for parasites from the order Strongylida between the two sites. The differences may be due to climate conditions and the presumed life cycle of these parasites. No significant differences were found for parasites from the other orders. No significant differences were noted between sexes or between seasons. No clinical signs of parasitic gastroenteritis were seen in either lemur collection.
胃肠道寄生虫感染可能是圈养狐猴面临的重大威胁，因为它们是腹泻的常见病因。在本研究中，对马达加斯加两个地点40只处于不同饲养和气候条件下的狐猴进行了为期12个月的粪便虫卵计数模式及与胃肠道线虫相关临床症状的评估。涉及的物种有黑白领狐猴（红领狐猴）、东部灰竹狐猴、大竹狐猴、红腹狐猴、普通褐狐猴、冕狐猴以及斯氏黑狐猴。在1号地点（津巴扎扎动物园），狐猴饲养在小围栏中，每天清理水泥地面粪便，且无常规驱虫计划；而在2号地点（伊沃洛纳动物园），狐猴接受常规驱虫预防，饲养在小围栏中，每天清理沙地围栏。使用改良麦克马斯特技术，在1号地点240份样本中的198份（83%）以及2号地点240份样本中的189份（79%）中检出并鉴定出了来自圆线虫目、尖尾线虫目和针线虫目的总共五个属的线虫卵。两个地点之间，圆线虫目的寄生虫存在显著差异。这些差异可能归因于气候条件以及这些寄生虫的假定生命周期。其他目的寄生虫未发现显著差异。性别和季节之间也未发现显著差异。在两组狐猴中均未观察到寄生虫性肠胃炎的临床症状。
