Laboratório de Recursos Pesqueiros Demersais e Cefalópodes, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Caixa Postal 474, Avenida Itália Km 8, CEP 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2011 Apr;62(4):840-4. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.01.033. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
The incidental capture in fisheries is probably the main conservation problem affecting seabirds. While the capture of albatrosses and petrels on longline hooks is well-known worldwide, the bycatch of diving seabirds in gillnets is an overlooked conservation problem. During a winter coastal fishing trip, the capture of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) was recorded in driftnet and bottom setnet fisheries for the first time in southern Brazil. The highest captures rates were found in driftnets, from 146.5 to 545.5 penguins/km² of net and a total of 56 dead penguins were recorded. In the bottom gillnet, a total of 12 birds were killed and the capture rates varied from 41.7 to 125.0 penguins/km² of net. Although preliminary, the results presented in this paper were consistent between sets. If we consider the magnitude of driftnet and setnet fishing fleets, and that most dead penguins were adults, the impact upon Magellanic penguin populations is probably significant.
渔业中的偶然捕获可能是影响海鸟的主要保护问题。虽然信天翁和海燕被延绳钓捕获已广为人知，但在刺网中误捕潜水海鸟是一个被忽视的保护问题。在一次冬季沿海捕鱼旅行中，在巴西南部首次记录到在流网和底层刺网渔业中捕获麦哲伦企鹅（Spheniscus magellanicus）。在流网中发现的捕获率最高，每平方公里网有 146.5 到 545.5 只企鹅，共记录到 56 只死亡企鹅。在底层刺网中，共杀死了 12 只鸟，捕获率从每平方公里网 41.7 到 125.0 只企鹅不等。尽管初步，但本文中的结果在两组之间是一致的。如果我们考虑流网和底层刺网船队的规模，以及大多数死亡的企鹅都是成年企鹅，那么对麦哲伦企鹅种群的影响可能是巨大的。
