Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103-8896, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):661-5. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.009. Epub 2010 Nov 12.
As the population ages, the need to protect the elderly during motor vehicle crashes becomes increasingly critical. This study focuses on causation of elderly rib and sternum fractures in seriously injured elderly occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes. We used data from the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) database (1997-2009). Study case criteria included occupant (≥ 65 years old) drivers (sitting in the left outboard position of the first row) or passengers (sitting in the first row right outboard position) who were in frontal or side impacts. To avoid selection bias, only occupants with a Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) 3 (serious) or greater severity injury were included in this study. Odds ratios were used as a descriptive measure of the strength of association between variables and Chi square tests were used to determine if there was a statistically significant relationship between categorical variables. Of the 211 elderly (65-79 years old) occupants with thoracic injury, 92.0% had rib fractures and 19.6% had sternum fractures. For the 76 extreme elderly (80 years or older) with thoracic injury, 90.4% had rib fractures and 27.7% had sternum fractures. Except for greater mortality and more rib fractures caused by safety belts, there were no differences between the extreme elderly and the elderly occupants. Current safety systems may need to be redesigned to prevent rib and sternum fractures in occupants 80 years and older.
随着人口老龄化，保护机动车事故中老年人的需求变得越来越重要。本研究专注于严重受伤的老年机动车事故中老年人肋骨和胸骨骨折的原因。我们使用了 Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) 数据库（1997-2009 年）的数据。研究病例标准包括乘客（≥ 65 岁，坐在前排右侧外座）或驾驶员（坐在前排左侧外座）在正面或侧面碰撞中受伤。为了避免选择偏差，只有损伤严重程度量表（MAIS）3 级（严重）或更严重的损伤的乘客才被纳入本研究。比值比用作变量之间关联强度的描述性度量，卡方检验用于确定分类变量之间是否存在统计学显著关系。在 211 名胸部受伤的老年（65-79 岁）乘客中，92.0%有肋骨骨折，19.6%有胸骨骨折。在 76 名胸部受伤的高龄（80 岁及以上）乘客中，90.4%有肋骨骨折，27.7%有胸骨骨折。除安全带导致的死亡率更高和更多肋骨骨折外，高龄组和老年组乘客之间没有差异。当前的安全系统可能需要重新设计，以防止 80 岁及以上乘客的肋骨和胸骨骨折。
