Istanbul Special Provencial Administration, European Union Projects Coordinator, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey.
Waste Manag Res. 2011 Aug;29(8):791-6. doi: 10.1177/0734242X10396755. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
In the present study, the amounts of medical waste materials, sharps, liquid waste, hazardous waste, household waste and recyclables generated from 375 healthcare services including private hospitals, state hospitals, university hospitals, private medical centres, dialysis centres, cottage hospitals and private dentist surgeries were determined, and the relation between the amount of the waste and the bed capacities, inpatient and outpatient numbers were evaluated. The amount of regulated medical waste corresponded to 28.8% of the total waste streams collected from the healthcare services, and the major producers were private hospitals. The major producers of hazardous waste were state hospitals with a generation rate of 57.9%. The main results of the study indicate that the quantities of the waste streams generated from healthcare services in accordance with the outpatient number gave more appropriate results than the other evaluation methods. Furthermore, evaluation based on the bed capacities gave reasonable results except for recyclables and hazardous waste. As a result of the evaluation of the medical waste generation rate with bed capacities, the generation rate was determined as 2.11 ± 3.83 kg bed(-1) day(-1) and this rate was 1.45 ± 9.84 kg outpatient(-1) day(-1) for the evaluation by outpatient numbers. The observed significant P values (P > 0.05) indicate that the evaluation of the waste streams in healthcare services based upon outpatient numbers did not show any reasonable change according to service category.
在本研究中，确定了来自 375 家医疗服务机构（包括私立医院、州立医院、大学医院、私立医疗中心、透析中心、小病房医院和私人牙医诊所）的医疗废物、锐器、液体废物、危险废物、生活垃圾和可回收物的数量，并评估了废物数量与床位容量、住院和门诊人数之间的关系。受管制医疗废物的数量相当于从医疗服务机构收集的总废物量的 28.8%，主要产生者是私立医院。危险废物的主要产生者是州立医院，其产生率为 57.9%。该研究的主要结果表明，根据门诊人数计算的医疗废物产生量比其他评估方法得出的结果更合适。此外，除了可回收物和危险废物外，基于床位容量的评估结果也较为合理。根据床位容量评估医疗废物产生率的结果表明，产生率为 2.11 ± 3.83 kg 床(-1)天(-1)，而根据门诊人数评估的产生率为 1.45 ± 9.84 kg 门诊(-1)天(-1)。观察到的显著 P 值（P > 0.05）表明，基于门诊人数评估医疗服务中的废物流并没有根据服务类别显示出任何合理的变化。
