Asiri Yousif A, Al-Arifi Mohamed N
Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2011 Apr;19(2):123-8. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7174.2010.00083.x. Epub 2011 Feb 14.
To elucidate the various patterns in drug prescribing in a non-Ministry of Health-affiliated primary healthcare centre model (Riyadh Kharj Military Hospital) in Saudi Arabia.
A retrospective analysis of pharmacy records of the Riyadh Kharj Military Hospital was undertaken. A total of 4781 prescriptions archived over a period of 6 months (January-June 2001) were statistically analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Number, types, therapeutic duration and distribution of drugs were evaluated. Age distribution and documentation adequacy were also reviewed and monitored. Therapeutic classification of drugs was carried out according to the British National Formulary system.
Of the total prescriptions, 47.8% were for male patients and 50.1% for females. Prescriptions for the paediatric population accounted for 19.5% whereas 13.7% of drugs were prescribed to the geriatric cohort. A mean of 2.7±1.6 drugs were prescribed per patient. In multidrug prescriptions, 32.3% contained two drugs and 22.1% prescriptions had four drugs or more. Mono-drug prescriptions accounted for 21.6% of prescriptions. Paracetamol (13.9%) was the most commonly prescribed drug followed by multivitamins and cough syrups with 5.0 and 3.7%, respectively. The most common therapeutic classes of drugs prescribed were analgesics, antipyretics, antihistamines, and vitamins and minerals, making up a third of all prescriptions. Dosage form, dose and routes of administration were not present in 21.7, 8.8 and 99.6%, respectively.
Polypharmacy appears to be a problem in primary health care, which requires stricter pharmacovigilance and constant reviewing. We recommend the establishment of an efficient local prescribing policy through an effective practice-based Pharmacy and Therapeutic Committee, training in prescribing to be introduced in medical schools and the lending of support to continuous education programmes targeting prescribing skills.
阐明沙特阿拉伯一家非卫生部附属的基层医疗中心模式（利雅得哈吉尔军事医院）的药物处方模式。
对利雅得哈吉尔军事医院的药房记录进行回顾性分析。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）对2001年1月至6月这6个月期间存档的4781份处方进行统计分析。评估药物的数量、类型、治疗持续时间和分布情况。还对年龄分布和文件完整性进行了审查和监测。根据英国国家处方集系统对药物进行治疗分类。
在所有处方中，男性患者的处方占47.8%，女性患者的处方占50.1%。儿科人群的处方占19.5%，而老年人群的药物处方占13.7%。每位患者平均开具2.7±1.6种药物。在多药处方中，32.3%包含两种药物，22.1%的处方有四种或更多药物。单药处方占处方总数的21.6%。对乙酰氨基酚（13.9%）是最常开具的药物，其次是多种维生素和止咳糖浆，分别占5.0%和3.7%。最常见的开具药物治疗类别是镇痛药、退热药、抗组胺药以及维生素和矿物质，占所有处方的三分之一。剂型、剂量和给药途径分别有21.7%、8.8%和99.6%未注明。
在基层医疗中，多药联用似乎是一个问题，这需要更严格的药物警戒和持续审查。我们建议通过一个有效的基于实践的药学与治疗学委员会建立高效的地方处方政策，在医学院校引入处方培训，并支持针对处方技能的继续教育项目。
