Oberstein Paul E, Saif Muhammad Wasif
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons at New York Presbyterian Hospital. New York, NY, USA.
JOP. 2011 Mar 9;12(2):96-100.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains a treatment-refractory cancer. Although pancreatic adenocarcinoma is only the 10th most common cause of new cancer in the United States, it is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Most cases are not suitable for resection and a majority is metastatic at presentation. Gemcitabine, with or without erlotinib, has been the standard chemotherapy in this setting but the benefit is only modest. Because gemcitabine has been considered a standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer for the past decade, several randomized trials have tested the combination of gemcitabine plus a second agent, including platinum based agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, taxanes, bevacizumab and cetuximab, as biologically "targeted" agents. At large this approach has not been successful and novel strategies are clearly needed. In this article, the authors summarizes the data from the 2011 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, including: Abstract #175 (review of survival data in a large cohort); Abstract #286 (rapid change in prescriber patterns after the suggestion of benefit of a new regimen, FOLFIRINOX); Abstracts #238, #277, #304, and #315 (phase II trials looking at combinations that utilized EGFR blockade); Abstracts #221, #266, and #284 (phase I/II trials including VEGF blockade, anticoagulation, and traditional Chinese medicines).
胰腺腺癌仍然是一种难治性癌症。尽管胰腺腺癌在美国新增癌症中仅排名第10,但却是癌症相关死亡的第四大常见原因。大多数病例不适合手术切除,且大多数患者在确诊时已发生转移。吉西他滨,无论是否联合厄洛替尼,一直是这种情况下的标准化疗药物,但疗效有限。由于在过去十年中吉西他滨一直被视为晚期胰腺癌的标准治疗药物,因此多项随机试验对吉西他滨与第二种药物的联合使用进行了测试,第二种药物包括铂类药物、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、紫杉烷类、贝伐单抗和西妥昔单抗等生物“靶向”药物。总体而言,这种方法并不成功,显然需要新的策略。在本文中,作者总结了2011年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)胃肠道癌症研讨会的数据,包括:摘要#175(一大组患者生存数据回顾);摘要#286(在一种新方案FOLFIRINOX显示出疗效后,处方模式的快速变化);摘要#238、#277、#304和#315(研究采用表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)阻断联合方案的II期试验);摘要#221、#266和#284(包括血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)阻断、抗凝和中药的I/II期试验)。