Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2011 Jan-Feb;37(1):19-27. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132011000100005.
To evaluate the effect of a short-term individualized education program on adherence to asthma treatment, inhalation techniques, and asthma control.
A prospective study involving patients aged 14 years or older, with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and recruited from the asthma outpatient clinic of a university hospital in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The study was conducted in two phases (before and after the educational intervention). At a routine medical visit, the participants completed a general questionnaire in order to assess the level of asthma control and inhalation techniques. The participants also underwent pulmonary function testing. Subsequently, they participated in an asthma education program, which consisted of one individualized session. The participants were reevaluated after three months.
Of the 174 patients recruited, 115 completed the study. Between the first and second evaluations, there was a significant improvement in the effective use of inhaled corticosteroids (90.4% vs. 93.3%; p = 0.003), the effective use of long-acting β2 agonists (57.4% vs. 63.5%; p < 0.0001), the effective use of a combined regimen with these two medications (57.4% vs. 62.6%; p < 0.0001), and the self-reported adherence to corticosteroid therapy (p = 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the proportion of patients visiting ERs (30.4% vs. 23.5%; p = 0.012). However, the level of asthma control and the inhalation technique did not improve significantly (p = 0.095 and p = 0.512, respectively).
This short-term asthma education program resulted in an improvement in the use of medications for asthma control and a decrease in the number of ER visits, although it had no significant effect on the inhalation technique.
评估短期个体化教育方案对哮喘治疗依从性、吸入技术和哮喘控制的影响。
一项前瞻性研究，纳入了年龄在 14 岁及以上、经确诊患有哮喘并从巴西阿雷格里港一所大学医院哮喘门诊招募的患者。该研究分为两个阶段（教育干预前后）进行。在常规就诊时，参与者填写一份一般问卷，以评估哮喘控制水平和吸入技术。参与者还接受了肺功能测试。随后，他们参加了一个哮喘教育计划，包括一次个体化课程。三个月后对参与者进行重新评估。
在招募的 174 名患者中，有 115 名完成了研究。在第一次和第二次评估之间，吸入皮质激素的有效使用（90.4% vs. 93.3%；p = 0.003）、长效β2 激动剂的有效使用（57.4% vs. 63.5%；p < 0.0001）、这两种药物联合使用的有效使用（57.4% vs. 62.6%；p < 0.0001）以及自我报告的皮质激素治疗依从性（p = 0.001）均显著提高。急诊就诊（ER）的患者比例显著下降（30.4% vs. 23.5%；p = 0.012）。然而，哮喘控制水平和吸入技术并没有显著改善（p = 0.095 和 p = 0.512，分别）。
尽管该短期哮喘教育方案对吸入技术没有显著影响，但可改善哮喘控制药物的使用，减少急诊就诊次数。
