Montgomery John C, Windsor Shane, Bassett Daniel
Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Integr Zool. 2009 Mar;4(1):3-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2008.00130.x.
The mechanosensory lateral line is found in all aquatic fish and amphibians. It provides a highly sensitive and versatile hydrodynamic sense that is used in a wide range of behavior. Hydrodynamic stimuli of biological interest originate from both abiotic and biotic sources, and include water currents, turbulence and the water disturbances caused by other animals, such as prey, predators and conspecifics. However, the detection of biologically important stimuli often has to occur against a background of noise generated by water movement, or movement of the fish itself. As such, separating signal and noise is "of the essence" in understanding the behavior and physiology of mechanoreception. Here we discuss general issues of signal and noise in the lateral-line system and the behavioral and physiological strategies that are used by fish to enhance signal detection in a noisy environment. In order for signal and noise to be separated, they need to differ, and we will consider those differences under the headings of: frequency and temporal pattern; intensity discrimination; spatial separation; and mechanisms for the reduction of self-generated noise. We systematically cover the issues of signal and noise in lateral-line systems, but emphasize recent work on self-generated noise, and signal and noise issues related to prey search strategies and collision avoidance.
机械感觉侧线存在于所有水生鱼类和两栖动物中。它提供了一种高度敏感且多功能的流体动力学感知，用于广泛的行为。具有生物学意义的流体动力学刺激源自非生物和生物来源，包括水流、湍流以及其他动物（如猎物、捕食者和同种个体）引起的水体扰动。然而，对具有生物学重要性的刺激的检测往往必须在由水的运动或鱼自身的运动产生的噪声背景下进行。因此，区分信号和噪声对于理解机械感受的行为和生理过程“至关重要”。在这里，我们讨论侧线系统中信号和噪声的一般问题，以及鱼类在嘈杂环境中用于增强信号检测的行为和生理策略。为了区分信号和噪声，它们需要有所不同，我们将在以下标题下考虑这些差异：频率和时间模式；强度辨别；空间分离；以及减少自身产生噪声的机制。我们系统地涵盖了侧线系统中信号和噪声的问题，但重点强调了关于自身产生噪声以及与猎物搜索策略和避撞相关的信号和噪声问题的最新研究。
