Williams Jason D, Gallardo Alejandra, Murphy Angela E
Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.
Integr Zool. 2011 Mar;6(1):13-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00226.x.
Parasitic isopods (family Bopyridae) and burrowing barnacles (family Trypetesidae) infesting hermit crabs were investigated from shallow subtidal collections made along the southeastern coast of Spain in 2009. A total of 713 specimens of Clibanarius erythropus (Latreille, 1818) and 82 Calcinus tubularis (L., 1767) were examined. Gastropod shells and worm tubes inhabited by hermit crabs were collected by hand while snorkeling and were cracked to determine host species, size, sex and presence of eggs. Two species of bopyrid isopods were found on C. erythropus: the branchial parasite Bopyrissa fraiseii (Carayon, 1943) and the abdominal parasite Parathelges cardonae Codreanu and Codreanu in Codreanu, 1968. Among all C. erythropus examined, Bopyrissa fraiseii was found on 0.6% of hermit crabs and P. cardonae was found on 0.3%. A redescription of P. cardonae is provided and the species is documented with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. No Calcinus tubularis harbored parasitic isopods, but one specimen was parasitized by an unidentified rhizocephalan barnacle of the genus Septosaccus (1.2%). The burrowing barnacle Trypetesa lampas (Hancock, 1849) was found associated with both hermit crab species and evidence of predation on host eggs by this barnacle is shown for the first time. Trypetesa lampas was found in 4.2% of the shells collected. The present study expands our knowledge of the parasite fauna of hermit crabs from the Mediterranean Sea and indicates that additional research is needed to determine the impact of trypetesid egg predators on hermit crab populations.
2009年，对采自西班牙东南沿海潮下带浅水区、寄生于寄居蟹的寄生性等足类动物（鳃虱科）和穴居藤壶（Trypetesidae科）进行了调查。共检查了713只红螯相手蟹（Clibanarius erythropus，拉特雷耶，1818年）和82只管栖细螯寄居蟹（Calcinus tubularis，林奈，1767年）。在浮潜时手工采集了寄居蟹栖息的腹足类贝壳和虫管，并将其敲开以确定宿主物种、大小、性别和有无卵。在红螯相手蟹上发现了两种鳃虱科等足类动物：鳃部寄生虫弗氏鳃虱（Bopyrissa fraiseii，卡拉永，1943年）和腹部寄生虫卡氏拟鳃虱（Parathelges cardonae，科德雷亚努和科德雷亚努，载于科德雷亚努，1968年）。在所有检查的红螯相手蟹中，弗氏鳃虱见于0.6%的寄居蟹，卡氏拟鳃虱见于0.3%。提供了卡氏拟鳃虱的重新描述，并首次用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜记录了该物种。管栖细螯寄居蟹未携带寄生性等足类动物，但有1只标本被1种未鉴定的Septosaccus属根头藤壶寄生（占1.2%）。发现穴居藤壶灯形特里佩特斯藤壶（Trypetesa lampas，汉考克, 1849年）与这两种寄居蟹都有关联，并且首次展示了这种藤壶捕食宿主卵的证据。在4.2%的采集贝壳中发现了灯形特里佩特斯藤壶。本研究扩展了我们对地中海寄居蟹寄生虫群落的认识，并表明需要进一步研究以确定特里佩特斯藤壶卵捕食者对寄居蟹种群的影响。
