年龄相关积极注视偏好的可塑：通过训练改变注视和情绪。
The malleability of age-related positive gaze preferences: training to change gaze and mood.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA.
出版信息
Emotion. 2011 Feb;11(1):90-100. doi: 10.1037/a0021551.
Older adults show positive gaze preferences, but to what extent are these preferences malleable? Examining the plasticity of age-related gaze preferences may provide a window into their origins. We therefore designed an attentional training procedure to assess the degree to which we could shift gaze and gaze-related mood in both younger and older adults. Participants completed either a positive or negative dot-probe training. Before and after the attentional training, we obtained measures of fixations to negatively valenced images along with concurrent mood ratings. We found differential malleability of gaze and mood by age: for young adults, negative training resulted in fewer posttraining fixations to the most negative areas of the images, whereas positive training appeared more successful in changing older adults' fixation patterns. Young adults did not differ in their moods as a function of training, whereas older adults in the train negative group had the worst moods after training. Implications for the etiology of age-related positive gaze preferences are considered.
老年人表现出积极的注视偏好，但这些偏好在多大程度上是可以改变的呢？研究与年龄相关的注视偏好的可塑性可以为其起源提供一个窗口。因此，我们设计了一种注意力训练程序，以评估我们在年轻和年长成年人中改变注视和与注视相关的情绪的程度。参与者完成了积极或消极的点探测训练。在注意力训练之前和之后，我们获得了对负面情绪图像的注视时间以及同时的情绪评分。我们发现，注视和情绪的可塑性因年龄而异：对于年轻人来说，负面训练导致在训练后对图像最负面区域的注视次数减少，而积极训练似乎更成功地改变了老年人的注视模式。年轻人的情绪不因训练而有所不同，而在负面训练组的老年人在训练后情绪最差。考虑到与年龄相关的积极注视偏好的病因学意义。
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